Department of Physics

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IIT Jodhpur

The development of transition metal (Fe, Co, Ni, Mn) oxides based thin coatings is reported on stainless steel substrates for solar absorber applications. Absorber layers are synthesized using in-house developed spray system for metalmetal oxide composite coating structures. The optimized combinations of transition metal precursors are sprayed for thin film deposition. The post-spray heat treatment has been carried out to convert the transition metal precursor layers into spectrally selective absorber coatings showing metal-metal oxide composite structures. Three combinations of bi-transition metals Co-Mn, Co-Fe, and Co-Ni precursors are used to synthesize thin film structures. The thickness of these thin films structures is nearly 1 mu m. These spectrally selective coatings exhibit high absorptivity (alpha similar to 0.9) in 300-900 nm wavelength range and emissivity (epsilon similar to 0.18-0.44) in 2.5-25 mu m wavelength range. The extension of this work is focused on the development of a large-scale system, capable of fabricating spectrally selective coating on desired structures and optimization of annealing conditions, leading to the optimum solar thermal performance with high absorptivity (alpha > 0.95) and low emissivity (epsilon < 0.1) in the desired wavelength ranges.

World University root node

Transition Metal-Based Spectrally Selective Coatings Using In-House Developed Spray System

Recent LHCb result shows a clear confirmation of excess in (formula presented) and an indication of lepton flavor non-universality. Here we have studied angular observable (formula presented) polarization fraction, (formula presented), in (formula presented). We find that (formula presented) can be a good discriminant of new physics operators provided their Lorentz structure is different from the standard model operator. For the values of new physics (NP) couplings which provide good fit to (FORMULA PRESENTED), (formula presented) and (formula presented) spectra, (formula presented) provides good discrimination for three of the allowed solutions. © 2018, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature.

Springer Proceedings in Physics

Study of D* Polarization to Discriminate New Physics in (formula presented)

Many facets of nonclassicality are probed in the context of three flavour neutrino oscillations including matter effects and CP violation. The analysis is carried out for parameters relevant to two ongoing experiments NO νA and T2K, and also for the upcoming experiment DUNE. The various quantum correlations turn out to be sensitive to the mass-hierarchy problem in neutrinos. This sensitivity is found to be more prominent in DUNE experiment as compared to NO νA and T2K experiments. This can be attributed to the large baseline and high energy of the DUNE experiment. Further, we find that to probe these correlations, the neutrino (antineutrino) beam should be preferred if the sign of mass square difference Δ31 turns out to be positive (negative). © 2018, The Author(s).

Fulltext

European Physical Journal C

Quantum correlations and the neutrino mass degeneracy problem

A master equation has been constructed for a global system–bath interaction in the both absence and presence of non-Markovian noise. For the memoryless case, it has been exactly solved for a paradigmatic class of two qubit states in high- and zero-temperature thermal environment. For the non-Markovian model, it has been solved for zero-temperature bath. The evolution of quantum coherence and entanglement has been observed in the presence of the above-mentioned interactions. We show that the global part of the system–bath interaction compensates for the decoherence, resulting in slowdown of coherence and entanglement decay. For an appropriately defined limiting case, both coherence and entanglement show freezing behavior for the high-temperature bath. In case of zero-temperature bath, the mentioned interaction not only stabilizes the non-classical correlations, but also enhances them for a finite period. For the memory-dependent case, we have seen that the global interaction enhances the backflow of information from environment to the system, as it enhances the regeneration of coherence and entanglement. Also we have studied the generation of quantum Fisher information by the mentioned process. An intuitive measure of non-classicality based on non-commutativity of quantum states has been considered. Bounds on generated quantum Fisher information have been found in terms of quantumness and coherence. This gives us a novel understanding of quantum Fisher information as a measure of non-classicality. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Quantum Information Processing

Evolution of coherence and non-classicality under global environmental interaction

We explored the photocatalytic degradation of industrial dye methylene blue extensively using inorganic BiVO4 - organic graphitic carbon nitride (C3N4) composite material system. The composite BiVO4/C3N4 is synthesized and X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of both monoclinic BiVO4 and graphitic carbon nitride in composite material. The vibration mode at 805 cm-1 supports the presence of triazine ring in carbon nitride. We observed degradation of methylene blue in 300 and 135 min using BiVO4 and C3N4 materials independently. The investigated BiVO4/C3N4 composite photocatalyst showed drastic enhancement in photoresponse and about 60% degradation of methylene blue is observed in initial 15 min after irradiating light, whereas complete degradation is observed in about 60 min. The enhanced photocatalytic response is attributed to modified electronic properties of the inorganic BiVO4 - organic graphitic C3N4 composite system. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Materials Research Express

Enhancement in photocatalytic response of inorganic-organic BiVO4/C3N4 composite system

We carried out electrical and impedance studies on solution derived Al:ZnO/ZnO/CdS/Cu2ZnSnS4/Mo/Glass multilayered solar cell structures to understand their impact on photovoltaic performance. The Cu2ZnSnS4 layer is synthesized on a molybdenum (Mo) coated soda lime glass substrate as an absorber and characterized intensively to optimize the absorber physical properties. The optimized Cu2ZnSnS4 is p-type with 5.8 × 1017 cm-3 hole carrier concentration. The depletion width of the junction is around 20.5 nm and the diffusion capacitance is ∼35.5 nF for these devices. We observed relatively large minority carrier life time ∼23 μs for these structures using open voltage decay analysis. The measured Cu2ZnSnS4/MoS2 and Cu2ZnSnS4/CdS interface resistances are 7.6 kΩ and 12.5 kΩ, respectively. The spatial inhomogeneities are considered and the corresponding resistance is ∼11.4 kΩ. The impedance measurements suggest that in conjunction with series resistance ∼350 Ω, the interface and spatial inhomogeneity resistances also give a significant contribution to the photovoltaic performance. © 2018 Author(s).

Journal of Applied Physics

Electrical and impedance spectroscopy analysis of sol-gel derived spin coated Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cell

Graphitic carbon-coated Ni metal core nanoparticles are synthesized using controlled thermal treatment of Ni-hydroxide in an aniline-formaldehyde copolymer matrix under a N2 atmosphere. The structural and microstructural studies substantiate the formation of a graphitic shell on the metallic nickel core. The 850 °C heat-treated core-shell structured material is ferromagnetic in nature with high saturation magnetization. The sample with the highest value of magnetic moment is impregnated in a rubber matrix to prepare composite samples with core-shell nanomaterials of different weight fractions. The sample with 70 wt% Ni/graphitic carbon core-shell powder in the elastomeric rubber matrix showed the optimal microwave absorption at a fairly low thickness of ∼1 mm. This is attributed to the optimized combination of the effective impedance matching and interfacial polarization losses. Further increase in the Ni/graphitic carbon filler material resulted in reduced microwave absorption due to the greater mismatch of impedance as compared to the desired free space impedance of ∼377 Ω. Thus, the optimized composite material is of great potential for microwave absorption in the Ku band. © 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

CrystEngComm

Ni/graphitic carbon core-shell nanostructure-based light weight elastomeric composites for Ku-band microwave absorption applications

We investigated transition metals (nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe)) doping in TiO2/CdS photoelectrodes for understanding their impact on photovoltaic performance. The work function of the transition metal is considered as the parameter of choice in evaluating and comparing their photovoltaic response. We observed that the photocurrent is enhanced up to 34% with Mn doping and reduced up to 20% and 87% with Ni and Fe doping, respectively. Further, the electron lifetime measurements revealed that average electron lifetime for Mn doped system is similar to that of the pure TiO2/CdS system and is reduced significantly for Fe doped system, causing poor photovoltaic response for Fe doped TiO2/CdS photoelectrode based devices. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids

Design criteria of transition metal dopants in TiO2/CdS photoelectrode for enhanced photovoltaic response

The article report a preliminary result of neutrino transition magnetic moments using DUNE LAr, HK and JUNO detectors. Neutrinos, if Majorana particles, because of the combined effect of magnetic field and matter effect in core-collapse supernova can transform some of νe to ν¯e due to spin flavour conversions. As a result of this conversions the inverse beta decay signal will have an increment indicating evidence of transition magnetic moments. The DUNE LAr is sensitive to νe, so will observe a deficiency of νe due to this conversion whereas both HK and JUNO which are sensitive to ν¯e will see excess of ν¯e. The DUNE LAr and JUNO are more or less sensitive to other type of neutrinos due to use of 40Ar and 12C. So can estimate the event ratio using both neutrinos and hence sensitivity on transition magnetic moments. Even an non observation of such conversion put a restrictive bound on the neutrino transition magnetic moments. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

Proceedings of Science

Constraining neutrino transition magnetic moments

We used atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to study ion mobilities and the molecular mechanisms of transport in blends of poly(1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) electrolytes with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids. We characterized the structural and dynamical properties of the blend electrolyte systems through radial distribution functions, diffusivities, conductivities, and different time scales of relaxation and probed the correlations underlying such characteristics. Our results indicate that many features of ion transport in such blend systems mirror those observed in our earlier study of pure polymerized ionic liquids [Mogurampelly et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 9511]. Explicitly, we observe that the anions associated with the polymerized cation move along the polymer backbone via the formation and breakup of ion pairs involving polymerized cationic monomers of different polymer chains. Interestingly, for all blend systems excepting pure polymeric ionic liquids, the anion mobilities were seen to be correlated to the ion-pair relaxation times of the free cation-anion pairs. Both the transference numbers and the deviations from the Nernst-Einstein conductivities exhibited minimal variations when examined as a function of the blend compositions. However, as a result of the influence of mobile cations, an optimal blending composition achieves the highest conductivities at a temperature normalized by the glass transition temperature. © 2018 American Chemical Society.