Department of Electrical Engineering

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This paper presents a study of noise-enhanced iterative processing on Fourier coefficients for enhancement of low-contrast images. The processing equation is derived from the concept of dynamic stochastic resonance (SR), where the presence of optimum amount of noise produces an improved performance in the system. Similar to our earlier works on SR-based contrast enhancement, noise in the current context is the internal noise inherent in an image due to insufficient illumination. Here, however, the parameter selection is done so as to achieve large noise suppression. Iteration is terminated when target performance has been achieved. It is observed that the increase in the variance of the Fourier magnitude distribution leads to an increase in the contrast of the image. The increase in the variance is analytically proven to be equivalent to the process of coefficient rooting. Comparison has been made with various state-of-the-art SR and non-SR-based techniques in spatial/frequency domains. The proposed technique has been found to give noteworthy performance for both low-contrast and dark images among the SR-based techniques. The performance is also found to be better than most of the non-SR-based techniques, in terms of contrast enhancement, perceptual quality and colorfulness. © 2015, Springer-Verlag London.

World University root node

Signal, Image and Video Processing

Enhancement of low-contrast images by internal noise-induced Fourier coefficient rooting

In this paper, an analytical model of threshold voltage for bulk MOSFET is developed. The model is derived from the physical charge-based core of BSIM6 MOSFET model, taking into account short channel effects, and is intended to be used in commercial SPICE simulators for operating point information. The model is validated with measurement data from IBM 90-nm technology node using various popular threshold voltage extraction techniques, and good agreement is obtained. © 2013 IEEE.

Fulltext

IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society

Analytical modeling and experimental validation of threshold voltage in BSIM6 MOSFET model

In this paper, we have reported the improved surface potential calculation in the BSIM-IMG model for FDSOI MOSFETs. Model validation is done with the experimental data provided by Low-power Electronics Association and Project (LEAP). The model shows accurate behavior for C-V and I-V characteristics while keeping smooth behavior for their higher order derivatives. Model has smooth transition from weak inversion to strong inversion and satisfies DC and AC symmetry tests. © 2014 IEEE.

11th IEEE India Conference: Emerging Trends and Innovation in Technology, INDICON 2014

BSIM-IMG with improved surface potential calculation recipe

In this paper, a substrate integrated waveguide cavity backed slot antenna with dielectric resonator loading in X-Band is presented. With loading, enhanced impedance bandwidth (S11 &lt; -10 dB) of about 11.74% is obtained without much affecting its gain and radiation pattern. The peak gain of proposed antenna is about 5.6 dBi with maximum cross polarized radiation level of -30 dB. The simulation of proposed antenna is carried out in Ansys HFSS. © 2015 IEEE.

IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)

Dielectric resonator loaded substrate integrated waveguide cavity backed slot antenna for bandwidth enhancement

With the emergence of high-dynamic range (HDR) imaging, the existing visual signal processing systems will need to deal with both HDR and standard dynamic range (SDR) signals. In such systems, computing the objective quality is an important aspect in various optimization processes (e.g., video encoding). To that end, we present a newly calibrated objective method that can tackle both HDR and SDR signals. As it is based on the previously proposed HDR-VDP-2 method, we refer to the newly calibrated metric as HDR-VDP-2.2. Our main contribution is toward improving the frequency-based pooling in HDR-VDP-2 to enhance its objective quality prediction accuracy. We achieve this by formulating and solving a constrained optimization problem and thereby finding the optimal pooling weights. We also carried out extensive cross-validation as well as verified the performance of the new method on independent databases. These indicate clear improvement in prediction accuracy as compared with the default pooling weights. The source codes for HDR-VDP-2.2 are publicly available online for free download and use. © SPIE and IS&T.

Journal of Electronic Imaging

HDR-VDP-2.2: A calibrated method for objective quality prediction of high-dynamic range and standard images

Abstract High dynamic range (HDR) signals fundamentally differ from the traditional low dynamic range (LDR) ones in that pixels are related (proportional) to the physical luminance in the scene (i.e. scene-referred). For that reason, the existing LDR video quality measurement methods may not be directly used for assessing quality in HDR videos. To address that, we present an objective HDR video quality measure (HDR-VQM) based on signal pre-processing, transformation, and subsequent frequency based decomposition. Video quality is then computed based on a spatio-temporal analysis that relates to human eye fixation behavior during video viewing. Consequently, the proposed method does not involve expensive computations related to explicit motion analysis in the HDR video signal, and is therefore computationally tractable. We also verified its prediction performance on a comprehensive, in-house subjective HDR video database with 90 sequences, and it was found to be better than some of the existing methods in terms of correlation with subjective scores (for both across sequence and per sequence cases). A software implementation of the proposed scheme is also made publicly available for free download and use. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.

Signal Processing: Image Communication

HDR-VQM: An objective quality measure for high dynamic range video

This paper presents a new control algorithm for obtaining continuous sliding mode control, based on integral sliding-mode control (ISMC), where the discontinuous part of the ISMC is replaced with a continuous control. It is shown that the well-known super twisting control (STC), which replaces the discontinuous part of the ISMC acts as a disturbance observer, and hence, cancels the matched disturbance. As the overall controller is continuous the proposed method is advantageous over the existing ISMC, which has a discontinuous term. Also from the practical implementation point of view, in particular for mechanical systems, discontinuous term will result in chattering, which is undesirable. The proposed algorithm has been implemented on a practical system and its superiority has been demonstrated. © 1996-2012 IEEE.

IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics

A New Algorithm for Continuous Sliding Mode Control with Implementation to Industrial Emulator Setup

This paper proposes the application of a continuous higher order sliding mode controller for the position control of a Stewart platform. The conventional integral sliding mode controller consists of a nominal control and a discontinuous feedback control hence the overall control is discontinuous in nature. The discontinuity in feedback control is undesirable for practical applications due to chattering. Recently a continuous higher order sliding mode control is proposed in which, the benefit of super twisting control and integral sliding mode control is suitably combined [1], [2]. This novel method is applied for the position control of the Stewart platform. This proposed controller is continuous in nature due to the combinations of two continuous control and the disturbance can be estimated successfully. The desired position of the platform has been achieved using this controller even in the presence of matched disturbances. The effectiveness of the controller has been demonstrated with the simulation results. © 2015 IEEE.

2015 10th Asian Control Conference: Emerging Control Techniques for a Sustainable World, ASCC 2015

Position control of Stewart platform using continuous higher order sliding mode control

In this paper, an event based implementation of sliding mode control with quantized state measurements only is analysed. In many practical applications , the state information are available up to some finite precision. This indeed induces some quantization error into the system. However, in this work we consider the sampled state information are quantized measurements and the systems is subjected to both sampling (measurement) induced error and quantization error. The sample measurements are used in event condition. We also ensure that, there is no accumulation of triggering instants occur. Numerical simulations are provided to show effective of the above analysis. © 2015 IEEE.

2015 International Workshop on Recent Advances in Sliding Modes, RASM 2015

Event based sliding mode control with quantized measurement

In this paper, soft variable structure control of fractional order systems is proposed for achieving high regulation rates and short settling times. Using the appropriate fractional order Lyapunov approach, a controller based on continuous fractional switch are designed to achieve high control performance. Due to the alleviation of chattering phenomenon soft VSC that is proposed for fractional order systems are quite useful in future for the practical systems. © 2014 Chinese Automatic Control Society and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.