&ldquo;IIT Jodhpur is committed to impart quality education to facilitate the creation of qualified, competent and responsible human resources to meet the emerging technological challenges of the world. It is working towards creating an equitable learning platform that is positive, accessible and effective in the face of the modern societal and scientific advancements.

Flexibility in curriculum, in all its academic programs, encompassing elements of teaching, research, creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship is the most unique feature of IIT Jodhpur. The Department of Science and Technology (DST), under the National Mission on Cyber Physical Systems, has identified IIT Jodhpur as a Technology &amp; Innovation Hub in the area of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. The institute has also been nominated as the coordinator for the Jodhpur City and Knowledge Cluster by the Office of Principal Scientific Adviser, Government of India.

The sprawling 852-acre IIT Jodhpur campus is a majestic tribute to the deep-rooted diverse cultural heritage of the region. The campus is an architectural masterpiece, which is slated to become an international exemplar of sustainability with net-zero energy, and advanced water and waste management strategies.&rdquo;

IIT Jodhpur

Building a chatbot with an iterative development process poses certain challenges for the chatbot developer. The developer is expected to produce a deployable version of the chatbot at the end of a short development cycle. Every iteration should incrementally increase the capability of the chatbot and implement a subset of overall user stories based upon a priority list, similar to any other project developed using iterative development. In this regard, commercial chatbot-building platforms offer multiple advantages to the chatbot developer, provided that the developer can map these user stories in a particular form. To do so, for every query the chatbot is expected to answer, the developer must evaluate the intention of the user. Based on the intention, the query must be processed differently, which may involve execution of some business logic. In addition, the processing of the query may require specific data items which the user must supply as part of the conversation with the chatbot. Thus, the chatbot is defined by supplying a "context"that it may encounter, and the "reaction"that must take place when the context is observed. In this work, we discuss the effects of using a platform to build a chatbot and discuss the Contextual Reactive pattern used for chatbot definition. © 2020 ACM.

World University root node

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

ACM International Conference Proceeding Series

Contextual Reactive Pattern on Chatbot building Platforms

Since the advent of cloud computing, a huge number of data owners are outsourcing their sensitive data to be stored on to the cloud. To maintain privacy requirements, this sensitive data should be encrypted when it is stored on the cloud server which renders simple keyword based document retrieval schemes obsolete. In this paper, we propose a semantic multi-keyword ranked search scheme for document retrieval on cloud data that is encrypted. The proposed scheme returns not only the documents containing terms that match with our query terms but also some more documents that contain terms which are semantically similar to the query keywords. Our experimental result shows that our technique is more precise than TF-IDF/VSM(Vector Space Model) models that focus only keyword matching while simultaneously achieving faster retrieval times than other tree based TF-IDF/VSM approach as our algorithm runs on reduced dimensions. © 2020 IEEE.

2020 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, IWCMC 2020

An Efficient LSI Based Multi-keyword Ranked Search Algorithm on Encrypted Data in Cloud Environment

In today’s time, the number of IoT devices are increasing rapidly. We everyday hear about Amazon echo, Google Mini, Smart watches etc. These devices collect confidential data of a person and as most of these systems follow centralized architecture approach, So most of the data on internet is basically managed by some central authority or organization. Though these organizations have strict policy regarding data misuse or changing of data without consent but one can’t overlook the fact that these organizations have the ability to do so. Blockchain helps solve such problem as it is not managed by single party if somebody tries to change data in his Blockchain then the hash of the particular block will no longer match and the particular Blockchain will become invalid and other Blockchain will still be intact and therefore users data won’t be compromised. But due to high resource requirement, it becomes problem to run complete Blockchain node on all IoT devices mainly on low power or memory devices. In this paper, we have developed decentralized architecture leveraged from Blockchain technology coupled with an alternative centralized cloud architecture which is a classic client/server architecture with an underlying Blockchain at back-end support with smart contract application written in Solidity language at Ethereum platform. We implement this framework and show how this architecture prevent data misuse by using functionality of Blockchain without requiring the all IoT devices to actually run a Blockchain node. For an end-user experience, it will appear to be same as a normal web app and from the developers perspective, the smart contract application will have similar software design to current web apps thus allowing an easy transition for both of centralized and decentralized methods while still retaining the trust of decentralization. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)

A Blockchain Based Solution for Securing Data of IoT Devices

A Software-as-a-Service offering provides ready to use solutions for its tenants. Tenants having different quality requirements are deployed on separate dedicated instances. The concerns related to generating variable quality responses using single instance are not explicitly handled in current design approaches. A lack of standardized tactics and design guidelines also make it difficult for an architect to embed these multi-tenant design decisions at the early stage. In this work, we highlight a few domain-independent architectural concerns that can be used to manage multiple heterogeneous tenants on a shared application instance. We derive some quality requirements that are significant in the multi-tenant scenario, related tactics, measurements and analyze the impact on other software product quality attributes. © 2020 IEEE.

Proceedings - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture Companion, ICSA-C 2020

Multi-tenant Quality Attributes to Manage Tenants in SaaS Applications

Cloud Computing offers storage resources as well as network and computing resources to the organizations. This eliminates the high infrastructure cost for the organizations that are using these services as they can now dynamically pay for these services, i.e., pay per use model, which is followed by most of the cloud providers. As the organization does not locally host these resources, these are comparatively far easier to manage and use than the traditional infrastructural resources. As a result of these factors, the popularity of cloud computing is increasing continuously. But this transfer of data and applications to the cloud server also creates some challenges. It poses problems that must be dealt with properly to ensure a secure cloud computing environment. As more and more sensitive data is being uploaded on the cloud in the present scenario, the privacy and security concerns associated with the data is continuously increasing. To address this, issue the data is stored on the cloud in the encrypted form. Also, as the amount of data stored is usually tremendous, so an efficient search scheme is also necessary. So here, we deal with two significant aspects of cloud computing: Encryption and Searching. We are proposing a secure and efficient encryption scheme to encrypt the data stored in the cloud as well as the queries along with a multi-keyword search scheme to search over the encrypted cloud data. © 2020 IEEE.

Algorithm for Multi Keyword Search over Encrypted Data in Cloud Environment

Authentication of users and devices is one of the security issues on the internet of things (IoT). Traditionally, the authentication system is based on a centralized server, which makes it prone to various security threats and potential attacks; also, the stored data can tamper. In this paper, existing issues are resolved using Blockchain. IoT devices do not have much computational power. Blockchain technology, which uses the Proof-of-Work concept, consumes a lot of energy, which makes it not suitable for IoT devices. A new efficient scheme to reduce the computational energy of the devices is discussed, along with an authentication scheme that uses no centralized servers and makes IoT devices interact directly with Blockchain is designed and is implemented. The smart contract concept is used in this scheme, which provides users the flexibility to design there own rules for authentication. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

Efficient Authentication Scheme Using Blockchain in IoT Devices

In today's time, we use Leave Application System managed by some central authority. This can lead to corruption, misuse by a single authority or unnecessary time for approval. So, in this paper, we have developed smart contract architecture for Leave Management System using Solidity and Ethereum, which is a decentralized app architecture leveraged from Blockchain Technology. We also include smartphones as IoT devices by which any client can use this app. Due to the resource-constrained nature of these devices, the smart contract app is coupled with an alternative centralized architecture which is a classic client/server architecture with an underlying Blockchain backend. © 2019 IEEE.

2019 11th International Conference on Communication Systems and Networks, COMSNETS 2019

Develop Leave Application using Blockchain Smart Contract

In a multi-tenant cloud application, more than one heterogeneous tenants share the single instance of the application. It increases the degree of resource sharing among tenants and brings down the operational cost. In this work, we propose a methodological framework to manage the degree of tenancy for a microservice based multi-tenant cloud application. We also present a case study to show how microservices can be distributed among multiple tenants to increase the resource utilization and, at the same time meeting with the heterogeneous requirements of the tenants. © 2018 Association for Computing Machinery.

Towards dynamic tenant management for microservice based multi-tenant SaaS applications

Searching is one of the fundamental tasks in Computer Science. An intuitive way to search is to do it linearly, that is, start at the beginning of the dataset and continue till the searched-for item is found or nothing is found. However, as the volume of data increases, the response time of linear search is no longer acceptable. Indexes are designed to search through massive datasets quickly. There are a number of different ways of building complex and advanced indexes. Appropriate selection and modification of indexing structures according to dynamic business requirements is crucial for data-intensive applications. In this work, we present a few basic reusable indexing structures. These structures can be used to create advanced and complex indexing structures with lesser effort and time. © 2018 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

Patterns for indexing large datasets

Software Quality Attributes (QAs) can be categorised as either internal to the system as experienced by the developers or external to the system perceived by the end users. These QA categories have trade-off among them - an emphasis on internal QA may result in a compromise of an external QA. For example, there is a trade-off between maintainability and performance. Model-driven development approaches manage this trade-off and increase the degree of internal QA maintainability. In this work, we propose an ontology-based communication mechanism among software components to handle the trade-off. The approach increases the degree of internal QAs such as modifiability, maintainability, testability during the design and development phases without compromising the external QAs for the end users during the operation phase. We also evaluate a prototype system to validate the proposed approach using Software Architecture Analysis Method (SAAM). It is also easier to integrate into the software development life cycle as compared to existing model-driven approaches. © 2017 Association for Computing Machinery.

Proceedings of the 2017 Research in Adaptive and Convergent Systems, RACS 2017

Internal quality to external quality - An approach to manage conflicts

Multi-tenant architectural principle for cloud applications is a relatively new principle as compared to others such as multi- user and multi-instance. It allows to share a single instance of an application among multiple tenants with a high degree of customization. In this paper, we present a collection of patterns to design a multi-tenant application such that it can manage its tenants efficiently. The patterns described here are - multi-tenant, tenant manager, tenant observability, tenant separability and tenant elasticity. Each pattern covers the different aspects of systematic tenant management. © 2017 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s).

Patterns for managing tenants in a multi-tenant application

Alarm Diffusion Systems (ADS) have complex, exacting and critical requirements. In this work we aim to provide a software architecture perspective towards ADS. We look at both functional and quality requirements for an ADS and also attempt to identify certain quality attributes specific to an ADS and attempted to provide a set of architectural tactics to realise them. We also propose a Reference Architecture for designing such systems. We have provided ample examples to support our inferences and take a deeper look at a case study of the Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) in aircrafts. © 2016 Lavoisier.

Ingenierie des Systemes d'Information

An architectural roadmap towards building an alarm diffusion system [Roadmap architecturale pour la création d’un système de diffusion d’alarme]

Alarm Diffusion Systems(ADS) have complex, exacting and critical requirements. In this work we aim to provide a software architecture perspective towards ADS. We look at both functional and quality requirements for an ADS and also attempt to identify certain quality attributes specific to an ADS and attempted to provide a set of architectural tactics to realise them. We also propose a Reference Architecture for designing such systems. We have provided ample examples to support our inferences and take a deeper look at a case study of the Traffic Collision Avoidance System(TCAS) in aircrafts. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.

Communications in Computer and Information Science

An architectural roadmap towards building an alarm diffusion system

In a knowledge based service system like IT services, the requirements of skills to service customer requests keep changing with time. The service workers are expected to learn the required skills very quickly and become productive. Due to high attrition rate and demand, service workers are given basic class room training and then rest of the training is carried out on-job. When a service worker learns multiple skills simultaneously, learning slows down due to factors like forgetting and interference. At the same time, the organization needs to meet service level agreements (SLA). We have developed a model for on-job training which extends the business process for IT service delivery. The key idea is to model learning, forgetting and interference in service time estimation to get realistic service times. Accurate estimation of service time taken by a service worker to resolve the service tickets helps in resource allocation and planning decisions for achieving the desired objectives of upskilling and SLA success. The simulation of execution of the augmented business process provides insights into what kind of planning and dispatch policies should be practiced for achieving the desired goals of multi-skill learning and SLA success. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014.

How to enable multiple skill learning in a SLA constrained service system?

Wireless technologies are evolving in rapid pace and becoming cheaper - this can be used to facilitate providing primary healthcare services in rural India. We have built a decision support system which can provide first level assessment of a patient by taking all the symptoms as well as vital parameters like heart rate, blood pressure, etc. It can also provide some basic treatment suggestions like Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) for diarrhea, etc. The patient details as well as assessment can be uploaded to a server, which can be assessed by a doctor to provide actual treatment. The patient details can also be used for analytical purpose for drafting plans for future by Government agencies. The system also works as personal assistant for ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) health workers to assist them to do their job efficiently. This system mainly has three components: Mobile Client, Server and Database. Mobile clients are used to collect data from patients and provide first level assessment. Server component will process the data for the purpose of analysis and Authorized Doctors can retrieve patient details, ask few more questions to the patient via ASHA worker and can provide treatments over SMS or email. Database system will be used to archive data for analysis purposes.