School of Management & Entrepreneurship

&ldquo;IIT Jodhpur is committed to impart quality education to facilitate the creation of qualified, competent and responsible human resources to meet the emerging technological challenges of the world. It is working towards creating an equitable learning platform that is positive, accessible and effective in the face of the modern societal and scientific advancements.

Flexibility in curriculum, in all its academic programs, encompassing elements of teaching, research, creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship is the most unique feature of IIT Jodhpur. The Department of Science and Technology (DST), under the National Mission on Cyber Physical Systems, has identified IIT Jodhpur as a Technology &amp; Innovation Hub in the area of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. The institute has also been nominated as the coordinator for the Jodhpur City and Knowledge Cluster by the Office of Principal Scientific Adviser, Government of India.

The sprawling 852-acre IIT Jodhpur campus is a majestic tribute to the deep-rooted diverse cultural heritage of the region. The campus is an architectural masterpiece, which is slated to become an international exemplar of sustainability with net-zero energy, and advanced water and waste management strategies.&rdquo;

IIT Jodhpur

Technology advancements in the era of Industry 4.0 are proposed to shift away from a centralized instance of decision making to a more decentralized one. Critical to the growth of Industry 4.0 is the coordination among supply chain entities, in particular when Industry 4.0 is proposed to improve sustainability efforts. Studies in green supply chain literature have often considered the market expansion effects of greening efforts. However, a number of other factors influence greening efforts, a critical one being the price premium effect driven by the brand building strategy of firms. A principal issue then arises as to which strategy should firms adopt and when does each greening effect benefit firms and supply chains more. We generate several insights into this important issue by developing models considering dyadic settings, competition, and cost-sharing contract. We examine strategic decisions in these channel structures and compare and contrast our results with the market expansion based models. We identify a number of counter-intuitive results, for example, a dyadic channel with high price-sensitive consumers would benefit more from the price premium effect and cost-sharing (when it focusses on building brand) than market expansion. We also conduct intra-channel and inter-channel comparison of outcomes to understand the effect of competition. Among other results, we find that in the presence of a dominant retailer and competing manufacturers, the retailer shares more greening cost with the manufacturer than the corresponding decentralized channel. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

World University root node

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

Strategic decisions, competition and cost-sharing contract under industry 4.0 and environmental considerations

We examine the interrelationship among foreign aid, foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth in South-East Asia (SEA) and South Asia (SA) during 1980–2016. The findings from alternative empirical estimations suggest that while foreign aid is negatively associated with FDI as well as growth, FDI positively influences growth. Further, governmental financial assistance to private sector for domestic investment turns out to be important in all empirical estimations insofar as positively associated with FDI flows as well as growth. We, therefore, infer that low-income SEA and SA economies should focus on channelizing governmental financial assistance to private sector for domestic investment, macroeconomic stabilization, trade openness, and efficient utilization of aid flows, in order to attract, absorb and reap the benefits of complementing FDI flows and sustaining higher economic growth. © 2020 International Management Institute, New Delhi.

Global Business Review

Foreign Aid, FDI and Economic Growth in South-East Asia and South Asia

In this paper, we investigate the impact of innovation and corruption on economic growth for 13 emerging Asian economies over the period of 2009 to 2018. Using global innovation and corruption indices, we show that innovation has no significant impact on growth. In contrast, corruption slows down growth in the region. Our results indicate that innovation in the region is not robust enough to attract growth and that corruption is the major hindrance to growth. © 2020 Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici. All rights reserved.

Fulltext

Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan

Innovation, corruption, and economic growth in Emerging Asia

The Gini index, a widely used economic inequality measure, is computed using data whose designs involve clustering and stratification, generally known as complex household surveys. Under complex household survey, we develop two novel procedures for estimating Gini index with a pre-specified error bound and confidence level. The two proposed approaches are based on the concept of sequential analysis which is known to be economical in the sense of obtaining an optimal cluster size which reduces project cost (that is total sampling cost) thereby achieving the pre-specified error bound and the confidence level under reasonable assumptions. Some large sample properties of the proposed procedures are examined without assuming any specific distribution. Empirical illustrations of both procedures are provided using the consumption expenditure data obtained by National Sample Survey (NSS) Organization in India. © 2020 by the authors.

Econometrics

Gini index estimation within pre-specified error bound: Application to Indian household survey data

Though voluminous empirical studies examine the linkage between energy consumption (EC) and economic growth, the impact of human capital on EC is scarce. This paper investigates this research issue by using annual data of 73 countries over the period 1990–2014. Furthermore, we classify 73 countries based on income (developed, developing and emerging economies) and regions (Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America). The empirical results indicate that human capital negatively affects EC. This implies that EC can be lowered by improving human capital, which ultimately can help in energy conservation and environmental protection. Policies promoting substitutability between energy inputs and human capital, and structural policies like improving economic efficiency and improving human capital through educational levels can help economies in achieving greater sustainable growth with low EC. © 2020 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

OPEC Energy Review

Examining the linkage between human capital and energy consumption: cross-country evidence

The aim of this research study to identify the role of empathy, moral judgement and social entrepreneurial education in predicting social entrepreneurial intention. And also test the mediating effect of prosocial motivation in this relationship. Through the survey, primary sample data of 755 nascent social entrepreneurs were used to test the hypotheses. The hypothesised moderated mediation condition was supported as results suggest that prosocial motivation mediated the relationship between antecedents and social entrepreneurial intentions. Besides this social entrepreneurial education showed a strong direct relationship with social entrepreneurial intentions. These findings strengthen the argument which states that there is a great need from policy, educators and universities to start courses that can imbibe the feeling of empathy. And also support system to motivates students to go for social entrepreneurship as a career choice. © 2020, © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Journal of Social Entrepreneurship

Mediating Role of Prosocial Motivation in Predicting Social Entrepreneurial Intentions

This study investigates the degree to which movements in stock liquidity is determined by common underlying factors in a large emerging market, India. This degree is called commonality. Commonality has been measured for NIFTY50 stocks using high frequency data across a variety of liquidity measures. This study empirically verifies the relative strength of market- and industry-wide liquidity in explaining commonality. Furthermore, the study analyses the impact of industry-wide liquidity on the liquidity of individual stocks belonging to the key industries of Indian economy, viz. consumer goods and pharma, energy, financial services, infrastructure, information technology (IT) and telecom, manufacturing and natural resources. Among all the sectors studied infrastructure, IT and telecom, manufacturing and natural resources sectors possess higher degree of Industry-wide commonality. This means fund managers find it difficult in altering a portfolio having greater exposure to these sectors. Studying the behaviour of commonality will also assist regulators in monitoring abnormal market fluctuations. The study contributes to the understanding of commonality on an emerging order driven market like India. © 2020 International Management Institute, New Delhi.

Assessing Commonality in Liquidity: Evidence from an Emerging Market’s Index Stocks

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to ascertain determining factors of ownership concentration and institutional portfolio ownership in the listed firms of an emerging market during pre-crisis and post-crisis periods and find variations in determining factors between the two varying market conditions. Design/methodology/approach: This paper considers 316 listed firms for the pre-crisis period and 408 firms for the post-crisis period, from the NIFTY-500. Pre-crisis period ranges from FY2000-01 to FY2007-08 and post-crisis period ranges from FY2009-10 to FY2016-17. Two-step GMM is utilized to test the hypotheses by controlling the unobserved heterogeneity and endogeneity issues. Findings: Higher investment and stock market growth leads to ownership dispersion in both the market conditions. Industry information asymmetry leads to dispersion in pre-crisis, while improves concentration in post-crisis phase. Firm size, legal environment and economic growth are found to be a positive determinant of institutional ownership irrespective of market conditions. Institutional investment proliferates with higher stock liquidity and PE ratio, while declines with augmented firm risk, current ratio and stock market turnover during post-crisis phase. Practical implications: Policymakers should construct a robust legal environment and focus to improve economic conditions to boost institutional ownership. Corporate executives should concentrate to increase stock liquidity and earnings of the firms, and lower market risk to draw more institutional portfolio investments. Originality/value: This study would enrich emerging governance literature since studies on the determining factors of ownership holdings are limited in the emerging world. It adds novelty by capturing two different market conditions such as pre-crisis and post-crisis phases to obtain the time-dependent and time-independent determinants. It adds uniqueness by considering the determinants of institutional ownership, which is scarce in ownership studies. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Managerial Finance

What matters to ownership structure? Evidence from pre- and post-global financial crisis in an emerging market

Background: Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disease of clinical importance that occurs commonly in old age and in various disease sub-categories. Widening the scope of knowledge of the genetics of muscle mass and strength is important because it may allow to identify patients with an increased risk to develop a specific musculoskeletal disease or condition such as sarcopenia based on genetic markers. Methods: We used bioinformatics tools to identify gene loci responsible for regulating muscle strength and lean mass, which can then be a target for downstream lab experimentation validation. Single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with various disease traits of muscles and specific genes were chosen according to their muscle phenotype association p-value, as traditionally done in Genome Wide Association Studies, GWAS. We've developed and applied a combination of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and GWAS summary information, to prioritize causative SNP and point out the unique genes associated in the tissues of interest (muscle). Results: We found NUDT3 and KLF5 for lean mass and HLA-DQB1-AS1 for hand grip strength as candidate genes to target for these phenotypes. The associated regulatory SNPs are rs464553, rs1028883 and rs3129753 respectively. Conclusion: Transcriptome Wide Association Studies, TWAS, approaches of combining GWAS and eQTL summary statistics proved helpful in statistically prioritizing genes and their associated SNPs for the disease phenotype of study, in this case, Sarcopenia. Potentially regulatory SNPs associated with these genes, and the genes further prioritized by a scoring system, can be then wet lab verified, depending on the phenotype it is hypothesized to affect. © 2020 The Author(s).

BMC Medical Genetics

Disentangling the genetics of sarcopenia: Prioritization of NUDT3 and KLF5 as genes for lean mass &amp; HLA-DQB1-AS1 for hand grip strength with the associated enhancing SNPs &amp; a scoring system

In this paper, we address the problem of maximizing the influence in a social network by hiring a few users in the network to propagate the information. Considering limited budget and time, hired users (seeds) are activated dynamically at different time intervals over a time horizon. This motivates to avoid the same seed activation in consecutive time intervals that leads to deteriorating the seeds’ efficiency. The aim of this paper is to maximize the total gain obtained in the process of maximizing the influence in a social network. Total gain is obtained by earning of influencing the customers and then deducting the cost incurred for influencing the users. Therefore, an improvised memetic algorithm is developed to find the seeds that are to be activated at different time intervals to maximize the gain. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, and it is found to perform better in identifying the potential seeds with minimum expenditure. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd