Department of Chemistry

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Platinum functionalized carbon materials such as carbon fibres, graphene, MWNTs (multiwalled carbon nanotubes) and activated carbon were used as heterogeneous catalytic systems for asymmetric hydrogenation of α-ketoester i.e. methyl pyruvate using cinchonidine (CD) as a chiral modifier. Interestingly, the MWNTs exhibited excellent enantioselectivity (>99% ee) and conversion (99%) in comparison to other Pt/C systems due to their high surface area. Furthermore, in the case of Pt/MWNTs, Pt nanoparticles are found to be uniformly dispersed and bound to the MWNTs acting like a single atom catalyst. Time-dependent nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) have been carried out to study substrate-modifier-catalyst interactions. Recyclability of the catalyst was also tested up to ten cycles without losing any significant catalytic activity. © 2015 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

World University root node

RSC Advances

Platinum functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube composites as recyclable catalyst for highly efficient asymmetric hydrogenation of methyl pyruvate

The reaction of 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyltrimethylenephosphinic acid cycP(O)OH and (C6H11)2P(O)OH with monoorganotellurium trichloride RTeCl3 (R = 2-phenylazophenyl) in benzene at room temperature afforded two pentanuclear complexes, [(RTe)4(TeO)(U-O) 6(cycPO2)2]·THF(1) [cycPO2 = 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethylene phosphinate] and [(RTe)4(TeO)(U-O) 6{(C6H11)2PO2} 2]·2C6H6 (2). The reactions leading to the formation of 1 and 2 involve a Te-C bond cleavage. 1 and 2 are isostructural complexes and contain a Te4P2O6 macrocyclic framework that is part of a Te5O11P2 multi-metallacyclic framework. Both of these compounds contain a central inorganic Te=O connected to four other tellurium centers through four U-O bridges. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

Organometallics

Reactions of RTeCl3 (R = 2-phenylazophenyl) with diorganophosphinic acids. Te-C bond cleavage and stabilization of the te=Motif in an umbrella-shaped te5O11P2 multi-metallacyclic framework

A solution-processed silver film is employed in the processing of top-illuminated indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-free polymer solar cells in single- and double-junction (tandem) structures. The nontransparent silver film fully covers the substrate and serves as the bottom electrode whereas a PEDOT:PSS/Ag grid forms the semitransparent top electrode. All layers are roll-coated/printed on a flexible substrate by using only two techniques: slot-die coating for up to 11consecutive layers and flexo-printing for the last Ag grid layer. The slot-die coated Ag film is compared to an evaporated Ag film in terms of surface morphological and topographical properties and to ITO in terms of flexibility. The slot-die coated Ag film demonstrates extremely low roughness (a root-mean-square roughness of 3nm was measured over 240×320μm2 area), is highly conductive (&lt;1Ω/□), highly flexible, and cost-effective in comparison to other reported metal films applied in polymer solar cells. Such properties result in high fill factors exceeding 50% in both single and tandem structures on large-area devices (1cm2) and the corresponding efficiencies exceed 2%.Let it Roll: The photograph shows three different thicknesses of the same polymer coated on three different Ag stripes. They appear with three distinct colors due to the reflectivity of the underlying coated Ag film. It is demonstrated how this ambient, solution-processed, roll-coated Ag film can be applied to fully solution-processed polymer solar cells (including the electrodes). © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Energy Technology

All-Solution-Processed, Ambient Method for ITO-Free, Roll-Coated Tandem Polymer Solar Cells using Solution-Processed Metal Films

We propose a 2N qubit entangled channel that can be used to teleport N qubits in a network to a single receiver. We describe the structure of this channel and explicitly demonstrate how the protocol works. The channel can be used to implement a scheme in which all parties have to participate in order for the teleportation to be successful. This can be advantageous in various scenarios and we discuss the potential application of this protocol to voting. Copyright © 2014 S. Ghose et al.

Fulltext

Physics Research International

Multiparty quantum communication using multiqubit entanglement and teleportation

Switchable reaction patterns of dimerization of indole substituted butadienes via a Lewis acid and thermal activation are reported. While under acidic conditions dimerization occurred around the internal double bond of the dienophile, a complete switch of regioselectivity was observed under thermal conditions, where dimerization occurred around the terminal double bond of the dienophile. This switch of regioselectivity was further exploited for the divergent total synthesis of structurally diverse indole alkaloid natural products. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

Organic Letters

Remarkable switch of regioselectivity in diels-alder reaction: Divergent total synthesis of borreverine, caulindoles, and flinderoles

Virtually unlimited and highly interconnected Cu wire networks have been fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates with sheet resistance of &lt;5 Ω □-1 and transmittance of ∼75%, as alternatives to the commonly used tin doped indium oxide (ITO) based electrodes. This is a four step process involving deposition of commercially available colloidal dispersions onto PET, drying to induce crackle network formation, nucleating Au or Pd seed nanoparticles inside the crackle regions, washing away the sacrificial layer and finally, depositing Cu electrolessly or by electroplating. The formed Cu wire network is continuous and seamless, and devoid of crossbar junctions, a property which brings high stability to the electrode towards oxidation in air even at 130 °C. The flexible property of the PET substrate is easily carried over to the TCE. The sheet resistance remained unaltered even after a thousand bending cycles. The as-prepared Cu wire network TCE is hydrophobic (contact angle, 80°) which, upon UV-ozone treatment, turned to hydrophilic (∼40°). © The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Journal of Materials Chemistry C

Large area solution processed transparent conducting electrode based on highly interconnected Cu wire network

In this study, we demonstrate that a disposable chip periodically patterned with suitable ligands, an ordinary cellphone camera, and a simple pattern recognition software, can potentially be used for quantitative diagnostics. A key factor in this demonstration is the design of a calibration grid around the chip that, through a contrast transfer process, enables reliable analysis of the images collected under variable ambient lighting conditions. After exposure to a dispersion of amine terminated silica beads used as analyte mimicking pathogens, an epoxy-terminated glass substrate microcontact printed with octadecyltrichlorosilane (250 μm periodicity) developed a characteristic pattern of beads which could be easily imaged with a cellphone camera of 3.2 MP pixels. A simple pattern recognition algorithm using fast Fourier transform produced a quantitative estimate of the analyte concentration present in the test solution. In this method importantly, neither the chip fabrication process nor the fill-factor of the periodic pattern need be perfect to arrive at a conclusive diagnosis. The method suggests a viable platform that may potentially find use in fault-tolerant and robust point-of-care diagnostic applications. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

Cellphone camera imaging of a periodically patterned chip as a potential method for point-of-care diagnostics

Highly interconnected crackles were obtained by spreading commercially available low cost crackle wall paint based precursor by the drop coating technique. An interconnected Ag mesh was fabricated by depositing metal over the crackle network followed by the removal of the template. The metal network is well conducting (1 Ω □-1) with transmittance of ∼77% over the fabricated area, 18 × 15 cm2. By joule heating using few volts, uniform temperatures up to 170°C were achieved on the electrode area and a high thermal resistance of 255.2°C cm2 W-1 was obtained. The electrode was tested for defrosting application by exposing it to liquid nitrogen (LN2) vapors at ∼-60°C while applying 8.5 V for 2 min, when the frost disappeared making the display board below, visible. The transparent heater could successfully withstand an ultrasonication test, as well as many defrosting cycles. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014.

Large area defrosting windows based on electrothermal heating of highly conducting and transmitting Ag wire mesh

As transparency is becoming a desirable property even in non-optoelectronic devices, there is great impetus given to alternate materials and strategies replacing the conventional ITO. Here we have used transparent Au wire networks as electrodes, obtained from a crackle template method, in a capacitor where an ion gel serves as the dielectric. The transparent capacitor thus fabricated with flexible PET as substrate showed a capacitance of 20 μF cm-2 at 1 Hz with average transmittance of ∼68% and was stable after many bending cycles. Such a performance is made possible due to high transmittance (∼86%) and low sheet resistance (∼4.2 Ω sq-1) of the Au wire network. An ITO-free, flexible organic solar cell has also been fabricated using the Ag wire network. This journal is © the Partner Organisations 2014.

Transparent and flexible capacitor fabricated using a metal wire network as a transparent conducting electrode

We demonstrate the possibility of controlling the success probability of a secret sharing protocol using a quantum cloning circuit. The cloning circuit is used to clone the qubits containing the encoded information and en route to the intended recipients. The success probability of the protocol depends on the cloning parameters used to clone the qubits. We also establish a relation between the concurrence of initially prepared state, entanglement of the mixed state received by the receivers after cloning scheme and the cloning parameters of cloning machine. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York.