Department of Electrical Engineering

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IIT Jodhpur

In this paper, a programmable current source based simple, compact and low cost MOSFET dosimetry system is developed and characterized for the measurement of cumulative gamma radiation doses. The proposed readout system is microcontroller based which can be used to set-up different zero temperature coefficient currents (IZTC) (range: 200μA – 400μA) using digital rheostat and subsequently measuring changes in the threshold voltages of irradiated sensors. The proposed current source characterized by interfacing with six indigenously developed MOSFET sensors under gamma environments up to 1000 cGy with an average sensitivity of 5 mV/cGy and its performance is compared with commercially available Keithley's source measurement unit, albeit at much lower cost and size. The comparison shows that the threshold voltage measured from both the systems differ less than 1%. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

World University root node

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

Design of programmable current source for MOSFET based gamma dosimetry system

In this paper, we analyze the secrecy outage performance for more realistic eavesdropping scenario of free-space optical (FSO) communications, where the main and wiretap links are correlated. The FSO fading channels are modeled by the well-known Málaga distribution. Exact expressions for the secrecy performance metrics such as secrecy outage probability (SOP) and probability of the non zero secrecy capacity (PNZSC) are derived, and asymptotic analysis on the SOP is also conducted. The obtained results reveal useful insights on the effect of channel correlation on FSO communications. Counterintuitively, it is found that the secrecy outage performance demonstrates a non-monotonic behavior with the increase of correlation. More specifically, there is an SNR penalty for achieving a target SOP as the correlation increases within some range. However, when the correlation is further increased beyond some threshold, the SOP performance improves significantly. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

Fulltext

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

Secure Outage Analysis of FSO Communications over Arbitrarily Correlated Málaga Turbulence Channels

Over the past decade, cyber-attack events on the electricity grid are on the rise and have proven to result in severe consequences in grid operation. These attacks are becoming more intelligent and can bypass existing protection protocols, resulting in economic losses due to system operating in a falsified and non-optimal condition over a prolonged period. Hence, it is crucial to develop defense tools to detect and mitigate the attack to minimize the cost of malicious operation. This paper aims to develop a novel command verification strategy to detect and mitigate False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs) targeting the system centralized Economic Dispatch (ED) control signals. Firstly, we describe the ED problem in Singapore's deregulated market. We then perform a risk assessment and formulate two FDIA vectors - Man in the Middle (MITM) and Stealth attack on the ED control process. Subsequently, we propose a novel verification technique based on Multi-Agent System (MAS) to validate the control commands. This algorithm has been tested on the IEEE 6-Bus 3-generator test system, and experimental results verified that the proposed algorithm can detect and mitigate the FDIA vectors. © 2021 IEEE.

Proceedings of the Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition - Asia, ECCE Asia 2021

Attack Detection and Mitigation using Multi-Agent System in the Deregulated Market

Expert, intelligent and robust automatic generation control (AGC) scheme is requisite for stable operation and control of power system (PS) integrated with renewable energy sources (RES) under sudden/random small load disturbances. Large frequency deviations appear if AGC capacity is inept to compensate for the imbalances of generation and demand. In this paper, a cascade-fractional order ID with filter (C-IλDμN) controller is proposed as an expert supplementary controller to promote AGC recital adequately in electric power systems incorporated with RES like solar, wind and fuel cells. The imperialist competitive algorithm is fruitfully exploited for optimizing the controller parameters. First, a 2-area reheat thermal system is examined critically and then to authorize the worth of the proposed controller, the study is protracted to a 2-area multi-source hydro-thermal system. The prominent benefits of C-IλDμN controller with/without renewable energy sources consist of its great indolence to large load disturbances and superiority over various optimized classical/fuzzy controllers published recently. The sensitivity study validates the robustness of the recommended controller against ±20% deviations in the system parameters and random step load perturbations. © 2021 The Authors. IET Renewable Power Generation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of Engineering and Technology

IET Renewable Power Generation

Cascade-IλDμN controller design for AGC of thermal and hydro-thermal power systems integrated with renewable energy sources

Due to variation of High frequency as well as distance between transmitting and receiving stations, it is not always feasible to change the height of wide band HF dipole antenna in order to adjust radiation take off angle. The paper provides effective solution for adjusting beam take off angle pm 30 degree electronically without physical height variation of HF antenna. Tilting angle for antenna radiation pattern has been controlled by gradually varying the capacitor value positioned at one end of dipole keeping fixed value of parallel inductor. © 2021 IEEE.

2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, APS/URSI 2021 - Proceedings

Beam Steerable HF Inverted v Dipole Antenna

The dinuclear diorganotin sulfide [R2Sn(µ-S)]2 (1) (R = 2-phenylazophenyl) was synthesized by the room temperature reaction of the N → Sn intramolecularly coordinated starting precursor R2SnCl2 and Na2S·9H2O in acetone/methanol (1:1). The molecular structure of 1 was primarily characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallography. Furthermore, 1 was also characterized by other experimental techniques, such as 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR, ESI-MS, FTIR spectroscopy. Complex 1 crystallized in the monoclinic P21/n space group. Each tin center of complex 1 is pentacoordinated and acquires a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry. Time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) analysis revealed that the transitions observed in complex 1 are predominantly of the ligand-to-ligand type. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis showed that complex 1 consists of three ionic bonds (2Sn-C and Sn-S) and two ligand to metal coordinate bonds (S → Sn and N → Sn). HOMO-LUMO analysis suggested that the HOMO of complex 1 is mainly sulfur based. The complex 1 showed significant bactericidal activity against both gram positive and negative bacteria. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Department of Chemistry

Polyhedron

Hemi Labile Intramolecular N → Sn Coordination in a Diorganotin (IV) Sulfide [R2Sn(µ-S)]2 (R = 2-phenylazophenyl) Complex: Synthesis, Structure, DFT-NBO and Antibacterial Studies

A ferroelectric based electrostatic doping (Fe-ED) technique is proposed, as the alternative to chemical doping, providing non-volatile and programmable free electrons and holes for nanoscale devices. We show that Fe-ED achieves non-volatility and reconfigurability via the ferroelectric film inserted into the polarity gate, producing the reconfigurable nanosheet FETs (NSFETs) without the requirement of a constant bias. Thanks to the naturally formed lightly doped drain structures and the extremely high doping concentration over cm-3 in source/drain (S/D) regions, Fe-ED NSFETs exhibit the promising potential benefits for device scaling including the improved subthreshold swing, the suppressed drain-induced barrier lowering, and the ultralow S/D region resistance. Our study suggests a promising doping strategy of Fe-ED for versatile reconfigurable nanoscale transistors and highly integrated circuits. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

IEEE Electron Device Letters

Proposal of Ferroelectric Based Electrostatic Doping for Nanoscale Devices

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the mechanism for antiParkinsonian effect of resveratrol employing 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced experimental model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Resveratrol treatment significantly protects the PD related pathological markers like level of tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine and apoptotic proteins (Bax and cleaved caspase-3). Disease pathology involves significantly decreased level of dopamine transporter, synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) along with augmented level of vesicular monoamine transporter and considerably affected the dendrite arborization. Such affected neuronal communication was significantly restored with resveratrol treatment. Biochemical alterations include the depleted level of glutathione (GSH), mitochondrial complex-I activity with concomitant increased level of lipid peroxidation, nitrite level and calcium levels, which were also significantly inhibited with resveratrol treatment. Altered calcium level induces the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress related signalling and phosphorylated Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and with resveratrol treatment the level of phosphorylated Nrf2 was further increased. The concurrent depleted level of proteasome activity was observed which was attenuated with resveratrol treatment. Proinflammatory cytokines and activated astrocytes were observed which was inhibited with resveratrol treatment. In conclusion, findings suggested that resveratrol exhibits the interference in neuronal communication, oxidative stress, mitochondrial pathophysiology, ER stress, protein degradation mechanism and inflammatory responses and could be utilize in clinics to treat the PD patients. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Mechanism for antiParkinsonian effect of resveratrol: Involvement of transporters, synaptic proteins, dendrite arborization, biochemical alterations, ER stress and apoptosis

This paper presents a compact dual frequency Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line (SICL) based Cavity Backed Slot Antenna (CBSA). A primary slot along with secondary slot is etched on the bottom plate of SICL cavity to generate two non-adjacent resonant frequencies. The primary slot is placed such that it is excited by {\text{TE}}_{110(even)}^x mode of the SICL cavity. The secondary slot is placed near the primary slot and excited by the SICL feed line. At second resonance, SICL cavity acts as the reflector for the back radiation and significantly improves front to back ratio (FTBR). The size of the proposed SICL cavity backed slot antenna is found to be compact in comparision with other technologies based design including Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) cavity backed antennas proposed earlier. The antenna resonates at 24 GHz and 38 GHz with gain of 5.1 dBi and 4.8 dBi, exhibiting high FTBR of 14 dB and 28 dB with co to cross polarization ratio of -22 dB and -32 dB respectively. This antenna finds its application in millimetre wave band 5G spectrum coverage for customer premises equipments (CPE). © 2021 EurAAP.

15th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2021

A Compact Dual Frequency SICL based Cavity Backed Slot Antenna with High Front to Back Ratio for Millimetre Wave Application

This brief focuses on the stabilization of a unicycle mobile robot subject to actuator saturation. A discrete-time sliding mode (DSM) controller is designed based on equivalent control approach, for the multirate sampled equivalent model of the chained form of unicycle mobile robot. The sliding variables are so chosen as to guarantee the convergence of the system states to the origin in finite time. The adopted equivalent control approach in conjunction with the choice of the sliding variables guarantees finite-time stabilization of the unicycle robot, in the presence of saturating control inputs. A characterization of the domain of attraction (DOA) is also provided in terms of the convergence parameters. The efficacy of the proposed design is validated through simulations. © 2004-2012 IEEE.