Department of Electrical Engineering

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IIT Jodhpur

This paper presents a wavelet-alienation based protection scheme for multi-terminal transmission system. The proposed algorithm makes use of wavelet transform based approximate coefficients of three-phase voltage and current signals, obtained over a quarter cycle to detect, classify and locate various faults. Detection and classification of faults are achieved with the help of approximate coefficients based alienation coefficients of current signals, measured from all the buses of system. The approximate coefficients of voltage and current signals, obtained over a quarter cycle, are fed to artificial neural network to locate the faults precisely, from respective buses. This algorithm has been tested successfully for all the types of faults with variations in location, inception angle and fault impedance. The proposed protection scheme is generalized for N-terminal system followed by successful testing on three-terminal and five-terminal systems. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

World University root node

Electric Power Systems Research

Wavelet-alienation based protection scheme for multi-terminal transmission line

This paper exploits variations in the average channel gains in multi-cell multi-user massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. An average transmit power-control-based sum-rate optimization scheme is presented for the uplink of the system. The matched filtering (MF) and the zero forcing (ZF) processors are considered with perfect and imperfect channel state information at receiver (CSIR) under frequency flat Rayleigh fading channel. An average power-control-based system model is constructed for analyzing the sum-rate and formulating an optimization problem. A discrete level combinatorial optimization is performed for MF and ZF sum-rate under perfect and imperfect CSIR. The numerical results show a significant improvement in the sum-rate and power consumption. A low complexity algorithm for numerical optimization of the sum-rate is proposed. The performance of algorithm is quantified with different scenarios including different number of users, macro cells and micro cells with low and high inter-cell interference powers. The evaluation results show that the improvement in sum-rate and energy efficiency increases with inter-cell interference power and the number of MTs.

Annales des Telecommunications/Annals of Telecommunications

Average power allocation based sum-rate optimization in massive MIMO systems

Modern day protection systems require easy implementation of detection and classification algorithms. Analysis of three phase voltages can impart substantial information regarding the detection and type of the faults. These signals vary with several factors like fault location, inception angle and impedance. In this study, the detection and classification of high impedance faults in a transmission line is proposed using alienation coefficients which are obtained by juxtaposing half cycles of absolute voltage signals using the moving window technique. The alienation coefficients obtained are compared with the corresponding threshold values to detect and classify the faults. Case studies undertaken by the variation of fault locations and fault inception angles have successfully validated the proposed algorithm. © 2018 IEEE.

2018 3rd International Conference for Convergence in Technology, I2CT 2018

Detection and Classification of High Impedance Faults in Transmission Line Using Alienation-based Analysis on Voltage Signals

This paper presents a channel estimation and tracking method for correlated block-fading channels in massive MIMO wireless cellular systems. In order to conserve resources, the proposed algorithm requires the uplink pilot signal only once, at the start of communication. By utilizing the temporal correlation between consecutive Resource Blocks (RBs) and the error correction capability of turbo codes, the channel matrix in subsequent RBs is estimated at the Base Station (BS) itself using the uplink data of current the RB and the estimated channel matrix of previous the RB. Compared to existing blind estimation methods, the proposed method places fewer limitations on the system settings such as the number of BS antennas, the number of users and the number of coherent channel usage compared to existing blind estimation methods. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides better performance for a moderate RB size, a high-order of QAM scheme and a smaller ratio of the number of BS antennas and mobile terminals (N/K). For a reasonably small N/K (order of 10), the proposed scheme achieves a lower symbol error probability than the conventional pilot-based estimation approach.

Fulltext

Digital Communications and Networks

Channel estimation and channel tracking for correlated block-fading channels in massive MIMO systems

This paper deals with an algorithm, based on wavelet-Alienation coefficients for protection of wind farm connected distribution network. The proposed algorithm takes the differential current signal of grid node and wind farm coupling node. The Wavelet transform used to extract the approximation coefficients of all the three-phase current signals. Alienation coefficients of each differential phase current obtained over a half cycle is used to identify and categorize the various faults. A modified IEEE13 bus test feeder system used for simulation in MATLAB. Proposed technique tested for detection of all shunt faults at each bus of the distribution system. © 2018 IEEE.

Wind Farm Connected Distribution System Protection Using Wavelet-Alienation Coefficient Technique

Fast identification and classification of the faults in distribution network is a crucial task to ensure reliable power supply to the end user. This paper presents a protection scheme which makes use of Empirical Mode Decomposition of three phase current signals of a distribution network. The current signals measured at the substation bus over a moving window of one cycle are decomposed to obtain first level intrinsic mode function IMF1 and residue R1. A fault index which is nothing but the absolute mean of R1 is calculated for each phase and compared with a threshold to detect and categorize the type of fault. The proposed algorithm has been successfully tested on IEEE 13 bus system by varying the type of fault, fault incidence angle and fault location. The selectivity of the proposed scheme has been established by testing the algorithm with non faulty transients such as load switching and capacitor switching. © 2018 IEEE.

2018 2nd IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems, ICPEICES 2018

An EMD based protection scheme for distribution system

Wireless communications and power line communications (PLC) are essential components for smart grid communications. This paper analyses the performance of a dual-hop wireless-power line mixed communication setup employing a decode-and-forward relay in terms of analytical average bit error rate (BER), outage probability, and average channel capacity. The Nakagami- m distribution captures the wireless channel fading; whereas the PLC channel gain is characterized by the Log-normal distribution. The additive PLC channel noise is assumed to be Bernoulli-Gaussian distributed. Approximate closed-form expression of the average BER and exact closed-form expression of the outage probability are derived for the considered system. Further, we obtain an approximate closed-form expression of the capacity of the wireless-power line mixed system in terms of the Meijer-G function. It is observed that the system performance deteriorates as the impulsive noise index and the arrival probability of the impulsive component of the PLC additive noise increase. © 2013 IEEE.

IEEE Access

Performance analysis of a dual-hop wireless-power line mixed cooperative system

Several designer controllable parameters and their effect on various specifications like switching time, sampling speed and input amplitude of all-optical Binary Delta Sigma Modulator (BDSM) are analyzed and possibility of enhancing the performance is discussed. © 2018 IEEE.

Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, ACP

Designer Oriented Analysis of An All-Optical Binary Delta Sigma Modulator

Compression is an important aspect of image processing with respect to transmission and storage. It is an established field of research with very little scope for improvement through customary coding based compression techniques. Consequently, non-customary ways of compression have become an important area for future research. Any information that can be restored can be compressed. Using this principle, we propose a novel spectrum based image compression technique. We first blur the image with Point Spread Function (PSF) determined using spectrum of given image. Blurring increases the DC component in the image which in turns gets further compressed by DCT based JPEG compression compared to original image. To recover the image, we perform deconvolution using the known blur PSF. © 2017 IEEE.

2017 9th International Conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition, ICAPR 2017

A Novel Method for Image Compression Using Spectrum

This paper deals with a new version of perturb and observe tracking algorithm for maximum power extraction from the solar photovoltaic panel, which has self-predictive and decision taking ability. The working principle of self-predictive perturb and observe (SPP&O) algorithm is based on three consecutive operating points on the power-voltage characteristic. Out of three points, first two points very smartly detects the dynamic condition, as well as in normal condition, quickly searches the maximum power point (MPP) region. Moreover, by using a circular analogy, all points decide the optimal operating position for next iteration, which is responsible for quick MPP tracking as well as improved dynamic performance. Here, in every new iteration, the step-size is reduced by 90% from the previous step-size, which provides an oscillation-free steady-state performance. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is validated by MATLAB simulation as well as tested on hardware prototype. Moreover, comparison between SPP&O algorithm and state of art methods is made. Its satisfactory dynamic and steady-state behaviors with low algorithm complexity as well as the low computational burden of the SPP&O algorithm show the superiority over state of the art methods. © 2010-2012 IEEE.