Department of Electrical Engineering

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IIT Jodhpur

This letter presents a substrate-integrated-waveguide-based compact, dual-mode self-diplexing antenna. A single square cavity with a rectangular ring slot is used for both dual-mode excitation and radiation. A prototype diplexing antenna is fabricated that radiates linear, orthogonal polarization at 9.5 and 10.5 GHz. The measured peak gains at the two frequencies are 5.75 and 5.95 dBi, respectively. Intermodal coupling between the modes provides two transmission zeros, which are utilized to achieve port isolation better than 29 dB. The proposed technique can be used for closely spaced radiating frequencies. As no external filter is used, the structure is compact. Furthermore, because of the slot loading effect, the antenna is smaller than a recently published antenna claimed as the most compact antenna. Its working principle is discussed in detail. Finally, design guidelines are suggested. © 2018 IEEE.

World University root node

IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters

Compact Self-Diplexing Antenna Using Dual-Mode SIW Square Cavity

In the past years, there have been several attempts for the task of object localization in an image. However, most of the algorithms for object localization have been either supervised or weakly supervised. The work presented in this paper is based on the localization of a single object instance, in an image, in a fully unsupervised manner. Initially, from the input image, object proposals are generated where the proposal score for each of these proposals is calculated using a saliency map. Next, a graph by the GIST feature similarity between each pair of proposals is constructed. Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) is used to make clusters of proposals based on GIST similarity, which eventually helps us in the final localization of the object. The setup is evaluated on two challenging benchmark datasets - PASCAL VOC 2007 dataset and object discovery dataset. The performance of the proposed approach is observed to be comparable with various state-of-the-art weakly supervised and unsupervised approaches for the problem of localization of an object. © 2019 IEEE.

25th National Conference on Communications, NCC 2019

Unsupervised GIST based clustering for object localization

Compression is an essential processing step for multimedia storage, distribution and transmission in terms of optimum resource utilization. Non-customary compression methods have become an important area for research due saturation of traditional coding based compression techniques. In this paper, we propose a novel spectrum based compression technique to further reduce the data footprint with satisfactory quality metric for the cases of video. Proposed method is based on principle that 'Any information that can be restored, can be compressed'. We blur the individual frames with a given Point Spread Function (PSF) to increase the DC component and compress using standard MPEG coder. To recover the video, we perform frame by frame deconvolution using the known blur PSF. Results obtained show further improvement of 20 to 30% in achieved compression with respect to original MPEG compressed video with satisfactory quality of recovered input. © 2019 IEEE.

GlobalSIP 2019 - 7th IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing, Proceedings

A novel blurring based method for video compression

Focal Plane Ambiguity (FPA) is a fundamental limitation of the Depth from Defocus (DFD) technique and refers to ambiguity of two possible distances corresponding to a single defocus blur value. Since, mix-sided scenes exist frequently in images and image-sequences, the assumption of a one sided focused scene often does not hold true. This leads to errors in the estimated defocus map. However, the inherent ordering of defocus blurs at the edges due to chromatic aberration in the R, G and B color planes can be used to correct this ambiguity. But, in highly defocused regions the ordering of defocus blurs becomes unreliable as the detection of edges becomes erroneous. In this paper, we propose a novel region based method using Color Uniformity Principle (CUP) for detecting the ordering of defocus blurs in R, G and B color planes to resolve the FPA. © 2018 IEEE.

International Conference on Digital Signal Processing, DSP

Resolving Focal Plane Ambiguity using Chromatic Aberration and Color Uniformity Principle

Depth map estimation from Defocus is a computer vision technique which has wide applications such as constructing the 3D setup from 2D image(s), image refocusing and reconstructing 3D scenes. In this paper, we propose an application of Depth from Defocus to a novel keyboard design for detecting keystrokes. The proposed keyboard can be integrated with devices such as mobile, PC and tablets and can be generated by either printing on plain paper or by projection on a flat surface. The proposed design utilizes measured defocus together with a precalibrated relation between the defocus amount and the keyboard pattern to infer the depth, which, along with the azimuth position of the stroke identifies the key. As the proposed design does not require any other hardware besides a monocular camera, this makes the proposed approach a cost effective and feasible solution for a portable keyboard. © 2019 IEEE.

2019 IEEE Conference on Information and Communication Technology, CICT 2019

A defocus based novel keyboard design

Nowadays, various metal oxide thin films have been used for the purpose of gas sensing. This research depicts a comparison of gas sensing properties among four different metal oxide thin films, namely, tungsten dioxide (WO2), tungsten trioxide (WO3), tin oxide (SnO2) and tin doped tungsten trioxide (Sn-doped WO3), for detecting acetone gas. Each metal oxide thin film was subjected tp acetone gas flow of various concentrations and the corresponding changes in resistance were calculated. Characterizations such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and gas sensing characterization for recording resistance changes have been performed. Each film was annealed at different temperatures for 1 h (WO2 and WO3 at 500°C, SnO2 at 300°C and Sn-doped WO3 at 400°C) so as to achieve an optimum grain size for sensing. The XRD patterns reveal formation of an orthorhombic phase of WO2, hexagonal phase of WO3 and orthorhombic phase of SnO2. AFM and SEM depict clear images of grain boundaries on the film. SnO2 has been found to be the best thin film for sensing acetone gas. Operational optimum temperature for sensing acetone gas has been calculated for each thin film (260°C for WO2, 220°C for WO3, 360°C for SnO2 and 300°C for Sn-doped WO3). It can detect a very low concentration of 1.5 ppm acetone gas with a good resistance response change of 30%. Various concentrations of acetone gas, namely, 1.5 ppm, 3 ppm, 5 ppm, 7 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm and 20 ppm, have been detected using these metal oxide thin films, and thus the comparison has been made. The response time for SnO2 is approximately 3 min and recovery time is approximately 4 min. © 2019, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.

Journal of Electronic Materials

A Comparative Study of Gas Sensing Properties of Tungsten Oxide, Tin Oxide and Tin-Doped Tungsten Oxide Thin Films for Acetone Gas Detection

The rotor shaft of a three-phase induction motor is suspended on two bearings; one on fan-side, other on load-side. This paper presents a technique to locate defective bearing based on Stockwell Transform of stator current signals. The statistical properties of Stockwell transform of current signals are used to form feature vector. Principal Component Analysis is used to extract components with high variability from this feature vector. The top principal components thus extracted, are utilized to locate the defective bearing with the help of Support Vector Machine. The proposed algorithm has been tested successfully for the bearing faults such as ball and outerrace fault. © 2018 IEEE.

2nd International Conference on Energy, Power and Environment: Towards Smart Technology, ICEPE 2018

Location of Defective Bearing in Three-Phase Induction Motor Using Stockwell Transform and Support Vector Machine

This study presents the application of non-linear disturbance observer (NDO) for automatic generation control of interconnected thermal area power systems considering generation rate constraints. In this work, any change in electrical power arising in the system due to either load change or change in power output of intermittent renewable energy sources is called a disturbance. This disturbance is estimated using an NDO and the same is rejected by giving an equivalent command to the governor of thermal power units to maintain a power balance in the system; thereby maintaining frequency and tie-line power flows in each area of an interconnected power system. The analysis is presented on a two-area power system and it is shown that the proposed control scheme effectively mitigates any active power imbalance in the system not only for normal operations but also when there is large communication delay in the system. The key advantages of the proposed scheme not only include faster frequency and tie-line power control but also reduced control efforts as compared to other established control schemes. Furthermore, the proposed scheme requires the optimisation of only one control parameter in each area. Therefore, the scheme gives away the requirement of complex optimisation algorithms. © 2019 IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution. All rights reserved.

IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution

Non-linear disturbance observer-based improved frequency and tie-line power control of modern interconnected power systems

This paper presents faulty bearing detection, classification and its location in a three-phase induction motor using Stockwell transform and Support vector machine. Stockwell transform is applied to stator current signals to extract a number of features in both time and frequency domain. A set of non-correlated and high ranking features are selected based on Fisher score ranking. These features are in turn used to classify the faults such as ball, cage and outer-race faults using Support vector machine. Subsequent to fault identification, features of Stockwell transform are used to locate the defective bearing, i.e, either at fan-side or load-side of the motor. This algorithm is successfully implemented on the experimental data of defective bearings collected from the industry. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation

Faulty bearing detection, classification and location in a three-phase induction motor based on Stockwell transform and support vector machine

Present world has already been consistently exploring the fine edges of online and digital world by imposing multiple challenging problems/scenarios. Similar to physical world, personal identity management is very crucial inorder to provide any secure online system. Last decade has seen a lot of work in this area using biometrics such as face, fingerprint, iris etc. Still there exist several vulnerabilities and one should have to address the problem of compromised biometrics much more seriously, since they cannot be modified easily once compromised. In this work, we have proposed a secure cancelable finger dorsal template generation network (learning domain specific features) secured via. Bio-Hashing. Proposed system effectively protects the original finger dorsal images by withdrawing compromised template and reassigning the new one. A novel Finger-Dorsal Feature Extraction Net (FDFNet) has been proposed for extracting the discriminative features. This network is exclusively trained on trait specific features without using any kind of pre-trained architecture. Later Bio-Hashing, a technique based on assigning a tokenized random number to each user, has been used to hash the features extracted from FDFNet. To test the performance of the proposed architecture, we have tested it over two benchmark public finger knuckle datasets: PolyU FKP and PolyU Contactless FKI. The experimental results shows the effectiveness of the proposed system in terms of security and accuracy.