Department of Electrical Engineering

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We examine various microfluidic channel designs for sample delivery to silicon nano-wire biosensors pertaining to the modeling and simulation. Nano-wires with its high sensitivity permits label free detection of bio-molecules. Without careful considerations to its fluidic delivery network, effects of detection can be limited. Different micro-channel designs of relatively larger width aid in fluid release and sensors are placed strategically to attain high efficiency in bio-sample delivery. One design establishes the viability of hydrodynamic focusing through splitting a single flow into two and permits focusing of bio-samples at the flow recombination region. It avoids the delicated fluidic delivery systems generally used in hydrodynamic focusing. A focusing effect of 71.3% based on the movement of a massless particle in the fluid is achieved using a straight channel design with a partition wall inside. Moreover, sample is focused in low velocity region which maintains minimal impact to nanowire sensor. This provides a simple and efficient delivery system for the nano-wire sensor upon integration. © 2006 IOP Publishing Ltd.

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series

Microfluidic design for bio-sample delivery to silicon nanowire biosensor - A simulation study

This paper deals with application of Wavelet Transform for detection of busbar faults and to discriminate them from external faults. The detail coefficients of differential current and those of a source CT current are obtained over a narrow moving window. The Fault indexes of both current signals obtained are compared with their respective threshold values to detect the internal faults. In the event of external faults the d-coefficients of differential current have a time shift compared to that of source current due to saturation of CT and this is used to discriminate the external faults from internal faults. The scheme is tested for different types of external and internal faults with variations in incidence angles and fault impedances. The proposed scheme is proved to be fast, stable and reliable in detecting the internal faults and discriminating them from external faults. © 2006 IEEE.

IEEE Region 10 Annual International Conference, Proceedings/TENCON

A new Wavelet Transform based busbar protection

Oxygen plasma treatment has been used extensively to bond polydimethyl siloxane to polydimethyl siloxane or glass in the rapid prototyping of microfluidic devices. This study aimed to improve the bonding quality of polydimethyl siloxane to passivated silicon using oxygen plasma treatment, and also to evaluate the bonding quality. Four types of passivated silicon were used: phosphosilicate glass, undoped silicate glass, silicon nitride and thermally grown silicon dioxide. Bonding strength was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively using manual peel and mechanical shear tests respectively. Through peel tests we found that the lowering of plasma pressure from 500 to 30 mTorr and using a plasma power between 20 to 60 W helped to improve the bond quality for the first three types of passivation. Detailed analysis and discussion were conducted to explain the discrepancy between the bonding strength results and peeling results. Our results suggested that polydimethyl siloxane can be effectively bonded to passivated silicon, just as to polydimethyl siloxane or glass. © 2006 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Evaluation of bonding between oxygen plasma treated polydimethyl siloxane and passivated silicon

In this chapter, a brief introduction to the concepts of sliding mode control and multirate output feedback would be given. The chapter would describe and distinguish the concepts of variable structure control and sliding mode control and would clarify the concept of discrete-time sliding mode and discrete-time sliding mode control. The chapter would also explain the concept of multirate output sampling and the relationship between the system states and the output samples for linear time invariant systems. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.

Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences

1 Introduction

This paper presents the modeling and design of a Periodic Output Feedback (POF) controller to suppress the vibrations of a smart thin walled composite box beam. Collocated piezoelectric patches are bonded as sensor / actuator to the master structure at a certain finite element location on the beam, i.e., nearby the fixed end of the composite box beam. The beam structure is modelled in state space form using the concept of piezoelectric theory, the Timoshenko beam theory and the Finite Element Method. The beam is subjected to an external disturbance (impulse, sine, random excitations). When the proposed controller is put in the loop with the plant, the plant performs well and the vibrations are damped out in a quicker time. The performance of the proposed controller is thus evaluated for vibration control and the conclusions are drawn.

Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology

Active vibration control of glass-epoxy composite box beam using output feedback

This paper presents the design and the experimental implementation of fast and periodic output feedback controllers to minimize structural vibration, using collocated piezoelectric actuators and sensors. A linear dynamic model of the smart cantilever beam is obtained using online recursive least squares parameter estimation. A digital control system that consists of simulink modeling software and a dSPACE1104 controller board has been used for identification and control. The effectiveness of the controllers is shown experimentally by exciting the structure at resonance. © IOP Publishing Ltd.

Smart Materials and Structures

Design and experimental evaluation of piecewise output feedback control for structural vibration suppression

In this chapter, the applicability of the concept of multirate output feedback based discrete-time sliding mode control, will be analysed for a few practical systems. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.

7 Applications of multirate output feedback discrete-time sliding mode control

The tracking problem of systems is one that has come under a lot of investigation. The initial studies were on the transfer function models of the system, based on internal model control [23], which used the inverse dynamics of the system to design a tracking controller. The problem with this simple logic arouse in cases wherein the system was nonminimum phase, i.e., had unstable zeros. In such a case, the inverse dynamics were unstable, which generated a closed loop system that may be stable, but was not internally stable [1]. Further study on the topic brought into light numerous techniques that handled the tracking problem, for both linear [5, 43] and nonlinear systems [16, 17, 32]. The research on unstable zero dynamics was also extended to discrete-system representations [26, 59]. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.

5 Multirate output feedback sliding mode for special classes of systems

In this paper, the design of sensorless induction motor speed controller using the concept of multirate output feedback discrete-time sliding mode control technique is proposed. The nonlinear model of the motor is linearized at its operating point and the multirate output feedback discrete time sliding mode control using output samples is designed and the same is applied to nonlinear model of the motor at its operating (equilibrium) point. This method docs not require the complete states of the system for feedback and is easily implementable.

Systems Science

Robust multirate output feedback sliding mode controller for sensorless induction motor

A CMOS-compatible silicon nanowire (SiNW) sensor developed by self-limiting oxidation process is integrated with a micro channel for high sample delivery efficiency through either direct lining or hydrodynamic focusing. pH sensing result of the integrated sensor is reported. © 2006 Society for Chemistry and Micro-Nano Systems.

Micro Total Analysis Systems - Proceedings of MicroTAS 2006 Conference: 10th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences