Department of Electrical Engineering

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IIT Jodhpur

The control of an industrial emulator is one of the interesting problems to look into. In this paper, a high performance nonlinear sliding surface based strategy is combined with an adaptive tuning algorithm to achieve low overshoot, short settling time, robustness against disturbance, chattering reduction, as well as minimum control effort where the prior knowledge of uncertainty bound is not required. The designed sliding surface increases the damping ratio of the closed-loop system as the states approach the setpoint. Initially the system is lightly damped resulting in a quick response and as the states approach the setpoint, the system is overdamped to avoid overshoot. In adaptive sliding mode strategy, control gain is dynamically adapted, to be as small as possible but sufficient enough to counteract the uncertainties. Since chattering magnitude is proportional to the controller gain, using the adaptive gain, chattering can be further reduced. Effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in simulation as well as by experiment. © 2013 IEEE.

World University root node

Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology

Nonlinear sliding surface based adaptive sliding mode control for industrial emulator

In a nuclear reactor, the fission of 235 U, on an average, is characterized by the release of two to three neutrons which fall under two categories namely prompt and delayed neutrons[24]. The former are released almost instantaneously whereas the latter are released after significant time delays subsequent to a fission. The time delays associated with delayed neutrons vary from a fraction of a second to about a minute. Moreover, phenomena due to fission products like xenon have even much larger time constants, of the order of several hours. Hence, a nuclear reactor system is essentially characterized by a multi-time-scale behavior. Likewise the AHWR also exhibits a three-time-scale behavior with eigenvalues falling in three distinct and widely separated clusters, as described in chapter 4. © 2013, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences

Multiparameter singular perturbation of linear optimal regulators

The robust stabilization of roll angle is considered in this paper. The roll dynamics is stable but it has large parametric variations and slow responce behaviour. Here, a new method for sliding mode control is presented to robustly stabilize the roll angle within prescribed time. The dynamics of servo actuator and gyroscope sensors are also considered which makes the problem more realistic. © 2013 IEEE.

IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

Roll stabilization: A higher order sliding mode approach

A novel uniplanar electromagnetic band-gap structure to maintain power integrity by suppressing simultaneous switching noise (SSN) is presented. The EBG structure with stopband from 750 MHz to 5.10 GHz is designed, fabricated and validated using network analyzer. Simulation results are verified by measurements and compared with the earlier published structures. Suppression of resonant cavity modes of power plane by EBG structure is also shown. The adoption of EBG structure in power deliver network is recommended to reduce the high frequency noise coupling between neighboring devices. These structures further help in better EMI/EMC compliance of the product by attenuating the propagation of high frequency noise between devices. The EBG structure usage can be on board, package or at die level. © 2013 IEEE.

2013 IEEE 22nd Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems, EPEPS 2013

A novel EBG structure with super-wideband suppression of simultaneous switching noise in high speed circuits

Power Integrity problem for a high speed power plane is discussed in context of selection and placement of decoupling capacitors. The s-parameters data of power plane geometry and capacitors are used for the accurate analysis including bulk capacitors and VRM, for a real world problem. The optimal capacitors and their optimum locations on the board are found using particle swarm optimization. A novel and accurate methodology is presented which can be used for any high speed Power delivery Network. © 2013 IEEE.

Proceedings - International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design, ISQED

Power Integrity analysis and discrete optimization of decoupling capacitors on high speed power planes by particle swarm optimization

The thermoelectric characterization of a micro-scale thermoelectric device using finite element method technique is presented in this paper. Thermoelectric device works on the principle of Seebeck Effect which converts temperature difference across the junction of two different materials into potential difference and hence energy. This work presents the optimization technique for a thermoelectric device by analyzing a single cell structure and proving the concept. A unit cell modeled in our work developed an average output voltage of 5 mV from human-body temperature. The output voltage increases further with increase in temperature difference at a rate of 4 mV/10°C. The change observed in behavior of thermocouple due to variation in dimensional parameters is evaluated and examined. The simulation results for characterization of thermocouple agreed with the theoretical concepts of operation. A high potential difference for larger lengths of thermocouple and smaller thickness of materials is observed. However, high flow of current was observed in small leg-lengths of larger thickness. The paper presents the characterization techniques and the influencing parameters of thermocouple operation which are important to design a thermoelectric device. Copyright © 2013 IFSA.

Sensors and Transducers

Optimizing micro-scale thermoelectric model using finite element method

We study the issue of quality assessment in tone mappingbased high-dynamic-range (HDR) image compression. In this, there are two stages at which a decision should be made regarding perceptual visual quality: (a) for finding the optimal parameters of the dynamic range reduction function so that the visual quality is maximized, and (b) visual quality judgment of the decompressed image. We first investigate two objective optimization criteria, namely mean squared error and structural similarity index measure, toward optimization of a tone mapping modelbased HDR image compression method. We then conduct a comprehensive subjective study to evaluate the visual quality of the compressed HDR images. Therefore, we consider both objective and subjective aspects for HDR image compression. To our knowledge, no systematic and comprehensive studies exist in the current literature which shed light on the issue of quality assessment in HDR compression. So this study brings in new knowledge and perspective for the relatively less investigated topic of HDR compression from the view point of perceptual quality. We further evaluate the prediction performances of four objective methods on the 140 compressed HDR images that have been subjectively rated. © 2013 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

Optical Engineering

Tone mapping-based high-dynamic-range image compression: Study of optimization criterion and perceptual quality

Atoms, the basic component of all matter, are incredibly tiny. But stored within the nucleus at the centre of each atom is the most powerful form of energy known. In 1938, Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann discovered that bombarding the nucleus of the uranium atom with neutrons changed some of the uranium into barium. In 1939, Austrian physicists Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch recognized Hahns experiment as the splitting of the uranium atom and named the process as nuclear fission. During the same year, Jean Frederic JoliotCurie, Hans von Halban and Lew Kowarski in France found that, on average, each fission of 235 U releases about 2.5 additional neutrons. The discovery made apparent the possibility of a chain reaction. Subsequently in 1942, a group of noted physicists, headed by Enrico Fermi, directed the construction of the worlds first successful nuclear reactor, at the University of Chicago in Illinois. It produced the first artificial chain reaction. Subsequent to these historical events, scientists learned how to release the nuclear energy and put it to use. Among the peaceful uses of this form of energy, is the production of electricity. A facility designed to convert nuclear energy into electricity is called a nuclear power plant. © 2013, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Introduction

Advances in Sliding Mode Control: Concept, Theory and Implementation

This paper proposes a novel control algorithm for linear discrete time uncertain input delay systems using infrequent output observations i.e, periodic output feedback technique. First, the uncertain delayed system, with a constant delay and bounded uncertainty is converted to an equivalent delay free system using a predictor. It has been shown that, when the output of the uncertain predicted system is sampled slower than the input, there exists a discrete-time quasi sliding mode. Since the proposed algorithm is based on output feedback, it is more practical in comparison to state feedback based control algorithms. The simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm. © 2013 IEEE.