Department of Electrical Engineering

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The Power Integrity problem for high speed systems is discussed in context of selection and placement of decoupling capacitors. Power Integrity is maintained by damping the cavity mode peaks at resonant frequencies using decoupling capacitors. This article focuses on damping cavity mode effects in power delivery networks by the particle swarm optimization technique. The s-parameter data of power plane geometry and capacitors are used for the accurate analysis including bulk capacitors and VRM, for a real world problem. The optimal capacitors and their locations on the board are found using the presented methodology, which can be used for similar power delivery networks in high speed systems. © 2013 IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility.

World University root node

IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine

Selection and placement of decoupling capacitors in high speed systems

Biosensing technologies cater to modern day diagnostics and point of care multi-specialty clinics, hospitals and laboratories. Biosensors aggregate the sensitivity of detection methodologies and constitutional selectivity of biomolecules. Endeavors to develop highly sensitive, fast, stable and low cost biosensors have been made possible by extensive and arduous research. Immense research work is going on for detection of molecules using various materials as immobilization substrate and sensing elements. Amongst materials being used as bio-sensing substrates, nano-porous silicon (PS) has amassed attention and gained popularity in recent years. It has captivating and tunable features like ease of fabrication, special optico-physico properties, tailored morphological structure and versatile surface chemistry enhancing its prospects as transducer for fabricating biosensors. The present review describes the fabrication of PS and its biosensing capabilities for detection of various analytes including, but not limited to, glucose, DNA, antibodies, bacteria and viruses. Attention has been consecrated on the various methodologies such as electrical, electrochemical, optical and label free techniques along with the performances of these biosensors. It concludes with some future prospects and challenges of PS based biosensors. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

Porous silicon biosensor: Current status

The integral sliding mode control, existing in literature is a combination of nominal control and a discontinuous feedback control. Discontinuity in feedback control, is not suitable for many practical applications due to the practical limitations of actuators, known as chattering. In this paper, the integral sliding-mode control law is modified for linear as well as nonlinear systems with matched disturbance replacing the discontinuous part of the feedback control by a super-twisting control. Replacement is possible due to the unique feature of disturbance observation property of the super-twisting algorithm. The proposed controller is continuous due to the combination of two continuous controls. The effectiveness of the modified control law is shown by the simulation on a practical setup-Quanser SRV-02 for position control. © 2013 IEEE.

IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics

Continuous integral sliding mode control: A chattering free approach

This paper proposes an algorithm for periodic output feedback (POF) control for Delta operator systems. The Delta operator creates the rapprochement between analog and discrete dynamic system models and establishes the natural framework to investigate the behavior of discrete dynamic models with fast sampling rates. It is shown here that, the periodic output feedback control fails for discrete-time systems represented by the traditional shift operator for smaller values of sampling time, whereas the same is possible if it is represented in the delta domain. Since the proposed algorithm is based on output feedback, it is more practical in comparison to the state feedback based control algorithms. The design method is illustrated through a numerical example and the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2013 IEEE.

2013 International Conference on Control Communication and Computing, ICCC 2013

Periodic output feedback control for Delta operator systems

Tracking problem of uncertain nonminimum phase system using sliding mode control is solved in two steps. The first step involves structural decomposition of a system via two invertible transformations to bring the system into special coordinate basis. In the second step, sliding mode control is applied to stabilize the mismatch dynamic of the system without experiencing the overshoot in response, while keeping the speed of response faster in presence of matched disturbance. © 2013 IFAC.

IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-PapersOnline)

High performance sliding mode tracking control for nonminimum phase systems

A new nonlinear switching surface is proposed for the design of a sliding mode controller for a class of mismatched uncertain systems. A control system for slosh-free motion of a partially filled liquid container is sought. This is representative of a broader class of systems to which the proposed methodology is applicable. A fundamental mode of lateral slosh is considered. A simple pendulum model is used to represent the lateral slosh. Given the difficulty of measuring the slosh states directly, a sliding mode observer is used for implementation of the resulting sliding mode control. The effectiveness of the theoretical developments is demonstrated via both simulation and experimental results. © 2012 IEEE.

Fulltext

IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics

Sliding mode control for slosh-free motion using a nonlinear sliding surface

Continuous technology advancements have forced MOSFET architecture to evolve from bulk to SOI to multigate MOSFETs. BSIM compact models have helped circuit designers to realize their designs first time correct using accurate physical models used in SPICE simulation. BSIM3 and BSIM4 are threshold voltage based bulk MOSFET models while BSIM6 is charge based bulk MOSFET model, which include physical effects such as mobility degradation, current saturation, high frequency models etc. BSIM6 has been developed especially to address symmetry around Vds = 0, thus providing smooth higher order derivatives. BSIM-CMG is a CMC standard surface potential based model for common symmetric double, triple, quadruple and surround gate (nanowire) MOSFETs. Long channel DIBL also called Drain-Induced Threshold Shift (DITS) effect and asymmetric charge weighing factor etc. have been recently included in it. BSIM-IMG is a surface potential based model to simulate ultra-thin body devices such as UTBSOI but also other thin body devices such as MOS2 transistor. © 2013 Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Technical University of Lodz.

Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, MIXDES 2013

BSIM compact MOSFET models for SPICE simulation

In this paper, a dynamic stochastic resonance (DSR) based watermark detection technique in discrete wavelet transform (DWT) domain is presented. Pseudo random bit sequence having certain seed value is considered as a watermark. Watermark embedding is done by embedding random bits in spread-spectrum fashion to the significant DWT coefficients. Watermark detection is quantitatively characterized by the value of correlation. The performance of watermark detection is improved by DSR which is an iterative process that utilizes the internal noise present in the image or external noise which is added during attacks. Even under various noise attacks, geometrical distortions, image enhancement and compression attacks, the DSR-based random bits detection is observed to give noteworthy improvement over existing watermark detection techniques. DSR-based technique is also found to give better detection performance when compared with the suprathreshold stochastic resonance-based detection technique. © 2013 World Scientific Publishing Company.

Fluctuation and Noise Letters

Watermark detection using dynamic stochastic resonance

Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process is one of the most popular manufacturing processes in industries such as automotive, aerospace, ship buildings, and boiler. To increase the consistency in welding quality, the automation of the welding process with feedback controllers is inevitable. This paper presents an Integral Sliding Mode (ISM) controller, a robust controller, to control the welding current and arc voltage of a GMAW system. The concept of ISM controller design technique is to combine a discontinuous control with a nominal control to achieve robustness against matched perturbations. The proportional plus integral (PI) and composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) controllers are used as nominal controllers. It is shown in the paper that the CNF controller performs better than PI controller. A linear multi input multi output (MIMO) system model has been considered here for the design. The performance of the controller is analyzed in the presence of model parameter uncertainties and external disturbances and the simulation results are presented and discussed in order to establish a comparison framework. © IFAC.

Integral sliding mode control for GMAW systems

This article investigates a new algorithm for higher order sliding mode control. The proposed control law keeps a constraint in 2-sliding mode such that the finite time stabilization of the chain of integrators is achieved. The proposed switching function has relative degree two with respect to the input and a second order sliding controller is used. The twisting controller is used for achieving finite time convergent 2-sliding mode to the switching manifold. The switching manifold is designed to provide finite time convergence of the integrator chain. The fractional powers in the switching function are carefully designed to prevent the unboundedness or singularity arising because of the switching constraint being kept at zero. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013.