Department of Civil & Infrastructure Engineering

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IIT Jodhpur

World University root node

Sixth Indian Young Geotechnical Engineers Conference

Influence of Variability of Coal Ash on the Requirement of Reinforcement and Cost of Reinforced Earth Wall

Drought in South Asia affect food and water security and pose challenges for millions of people. For policy-making, planning and management of water resources at sub-basin or administrative levels, high-resolution datasets of precipitation and air temperature are required in near-real time. We develop a high-resolution (0.05°) bias-corrected precipitation and temperature data that can be used to monitor near real-time drought conditions over South Asia. Moreover, the dataset can be used to monitor climatic extremes (heat and cold waves, dry and wet anomalies) in South Asia. A distribution mapping method was applied to correct bias in precipitation and air temperature, which performed well compared to the other bias correction method based on linear scaling. Bias-corrected precipitation and temperature data were used to estimate Standardized precipitation index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to assess the historical and current drought conditions in South Asia. We evaluated drought severity and extent against the satellite-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) anomalies and satellite-driven Drought Severity Index (DSI) at 0.05°. The bias-corrected high-resolution data can effectively capture observed drought conditions as shown by the satellite-based drought estimates. High resolution near real-time dataset can provide valuable information for decision-making at district and sub-basin levels.

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Scientific Data

Data Descriptor: High-resolution near real-time drought monitoring in South Asia

A mechanistic-cum-stochastic theory describing the sediment transport phenomenon from the particle scale of entrainment to the continuum scale of bedload flux under a steady unidirectional flow over a compact sediment bed is developed. The sediment particles, considered as discrete spherical particles, are subjected to hydraulically smooth, transitional, and rough wall-shear flows. At the particle scale, the hydrodynamic forces acting on a sediment particle resting over three closely packed bed particles are analyzed. The criteria for entrainment threshold in rolling, sliding, and lifting modes are determined introducing the velocity fluctuations. Comparison of the computed threshold curves with the experimental data reveals that the entrainment threshold primarily belongs to the transition of the sliding to the lifting modes. Then, at the particle scale, the entrainment probabilities in rolling, sliding, and lifting modes for a given median size of sediment particles are obtained. The rolling and sliding probabilities increase with an increase in Shields parameter, and after attaining their individual peak values, they decrease, while the lifting probability increases. Finally, the bedload flux, in a continuum scale, is obtained using the lifting probability. © 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.

Journal of Engineering Mechanics

Mechanics of sediment transport: Particle scale of entrainment to continuum scale of bedload flux

In this study, three kinds of pier arrangements were tested. They are (i) two piers in tandem, (ii) two piers in staggered arrangement, and (iii) three piers in symmetrically staggered arrangements. In the arrangement of two piers in tandem, the equilibrium scour depth at downstream pier decreases with an increase in downstream distance up to approximately eight times pier diameter and then increases with further increase in downstream distance. However, the scour depth at downstream pier is always smaller than that at upstream pier. In the arrangement of two staggered piers, the scour depth at the downstream pier for L/b = 4, where L is the offset distance and b is the pier diameter, is the same as that of the upstream pier at S = 8b, where S is the streamwise spacing or distance between piers. Further, for three piers in staggered arrangement, as the lateral spacing between downstream piers increases, the equilibrium scour depth at downstream pier decreases. © 2017 Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences & Polish Academy of Sciences.

Acta Geophysica

Interference of an upstream pier on local scour at downstream piers

Among various kind of distresses, rutting and fatigue are two major ones which affect the functional and structural performance of the flexible pavement significantly. Despite the popularity of different modified binders, conventional binders are largely used in the construction of low to moderate traffic volume roads. This paper aims at studying the performance of conventional asphalt binders with respect to their rutting and fatigue behaviour by using the Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) and Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) test respectively. In the study three conventional binders i.e. VG-10, VG-20 and VG-30 are tested over a range of temperature and loading conditions. Based on the experimental results, comparisons are made, and conclusions are given.

European Transport - Trasporti Europei

Investigating the performance of conventional asphalt binders

EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts

Probabilistic Assessment of Soil Moisture using C-band Quad-polarized Remote Sensing Data from RISAT1

Journal of Earth System Science

Implication of surface modified NZVI particle retention in the porous media: Assessment with the help of 1-D transport model

The results of an experimental study on the turbulent flow characteristics in submerged plane offset jets are presented. The vertical profiles of time-averaged velocity components and Reynolds stresses at different horizontal locations are depicted to illustrate their variations across the pre-attachment, impingement, and wall jet regions. The characteristic lengths and the jet profile of submerged offset jets in the pre-attachment region are determined from the velocity profiles. The regional profiles of velocity and Reynolds stresses are analyzed in the context of the self-similarity, the decay of their representative scales, and the development of the length scales. The self-similarity characteristics in the pre-attachment and wall jet regions are preserved better than those in the impingement region. The turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) fluxes suggest that within the jet layer in the pre-attachment region, an upward advection of low-speed fluid streaks induces a strong retardation to the jet; while in the wall jet region, an inrush of low-speed fluid streaks induces a weak retardation. Analysis of the TKE budget reveals that within the jet layer, the TKE diffusion rate and the pressure energy diffusion rate oppose each other, and the peaks of the dissipation rate lag from those of the corresponding production rate.

Physics of Fluids

Hydrodynamics of submerged turbulent plane offset jets

In this paper, we discover the origin of the scaling laws of sediment transport under turbulent flow over a sediment bed, for the first time, from the perspective of the phenomenological theory of turbulence. The results reveal that for the incipientmotion of sediment particles, the densimetric Froude number obeys the '(1+σ)/4' scaling law with the relative roughness (ratio of particle diameter to approach flow depth), where σ is the spectral exponent of turbulent energy spectrum. However, for the bedforms, the densimetric Froude number obeys a '(1+σ)/6' scaling law with the relative roughness in the enstrophy inertial range and the energy inertial range. For the bedload flux, the bedload transport intensity obeys the '3/2' and '(1+σ)/4' scaling laws with the transport stage parameter and the relative roughness, respectively. For the suspended load flux, the nondimensional suspended sediment concentration obeys the '-Z' scaling law with the non-dimensional vertical distance within the wall shear layer, where Z is the Rouse number. For the scour in contracted streams, the non-dimensional scour depth obeys the '4/(3-σ)', '-4/(3-σ)' and '-(1+σ)/(3-σ)' scaling laws with the densimetric Froude number, the channel contraction ratio (ratio of contracted channel width to approach channel width) and the relative roughness, respectively. © 2017 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences

Origin of the scaling laws of sediment transport

Understanding the flow behavior through fractures is critically important in a wide variety of applications. In many situations, the fluid flow can be highly irregular and non-linear in nature. Numerical simulation can be employed to simulate such conditions which are difficult to replicate in laboratory experiments. Therefore, a parametric study has been conducted on the fluid flow through micro-fracture over a large range of inlet pressure, fluid density, fluid viscosity, temperature, joint roughness coefficient (JRC), and fracture using finite element analysis. Irregular fracture profiles were created using Barton’s joint roughness coefficient. The Navier-Stokes (NS) equation was used to simulate the flow of water in those micro-fractures. The result showed that the fracture, fluid, and ambient conditions have a wide and varied effect on the fluid flow behavior. The interrelationship between these parameters was also studied. The model simulation provided result in the form of velocity and pressure drop profile, which can be used to determine the behavior of flow under different condition. The volumetric flow was calculated for each condition and has been plotted against the corresponding parameter to study the interrelationship. © 2017, Saudi Society for Geosciences.