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Automatic Voltage Regulator integrated Virtual Synchronous Generator control of plugin electric vehicles for ancillary services support
Increasing climatic concerns have resulted in a drastic shift towards renewable energy resources. The resources like solar, wind are intermittent and result in power generation uncertainties. Conversely rising carbon emissions from transport sector and depleting fossil-based fuels have prompted the automotive industry to embrace Electric Vehicles (EVs) with batteries on wheels. When connected to grid, these vehicles can provide an effective solution for power balance in the scenario of islanded microgrids for ancillary services such as frequency and voltage regulation, power quality mitigation, etc. This work proposes a novel Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) integrated Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) based control of plugin electric vehicles (PEVs) for ancillary services support under load and EV dynamics individually and integrated. The control framework combines the AVR's regulation capabilities with the VSG's inertia and damping characteristics, enhancing grid stability and reliability. The proposed approach is implemented on a modified IEEE 14-bus system under various case studies, which include changes in load [resistive (R) or resistive-inductive (RL)], variations in number of connected EVs, combined changes in load & EVs both, solar PV intermittency due to sudden cloud cover in the MATLAB environment. The results of the proposed control technique are superior to that of the conventional (droop) control technique, achieving steady state error (SSE), peak overshoot (PO) and settling time (ST) remain below 0.22, 3% and 400 ms respectively. The comparative analysis validates the robustness and stability of the proposed control technique, marking a significant advancement in ancillary services support.
Journal | 25 |
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Open Access | No |