Demonetization initiative by Govt. of India in Nov-Dec, 2016 aimed at addressing the issues like black money, hoarding and overall Dcleansing the monetary system. This paper in this regard attempts to empirically examine the impact of demonetization drive upon the monetary system by taking data of 180 days prior to Nov, 2016. The cointegration results exhibit show a long run cointegration between the money supply, demonetization dummy, cash in hand, notes in circulation and bank deposits. Furthermore, our Bayer-Hanck cointegration also confirms the cointegration among the variables. Our error correction mechanism analysis shows the long run relation between the variables. The variance decomposition analysis further states that effect of demonetization is widely visible upon the cash in hand followed by the notes in circulation. Despite the wider claims by the government regarding the positive impacts of demonetization drive, this initiative is fraught with several challenges and limitations. The implications of this initiative are discussed in this paper. © 2018, University of Teheran. All rights reserved.