Department of Physics

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Flexibility in curriculum, in all its academic programs, encompassing elements of teaching, research, creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship is the most unique feature of IIT Jodhpur. The Department of Science and Technology (DST), under the National Mission on Cyber Physical Systems, has identified IIT Jodhpur as a Technology &amp; Innovation Hub in the area of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. The institute has also been nominated as the coordinator for the Jodhpur City and Knowledge Cluster by the Office of Principal Scientific Adviser, Government of India.

The sprawling 852-acre IIT Jodhpur campus is a majestic tribute to the deep-rooted diverse cultural heritage of the region. The campus is an architectural masterpiece, which is slated to become an international exemplar of sustainability with net-zero energy, and advanced water and waste management strategies.&rdquo;

IIT Jodhpur

We investigated the effect of Au nanoparticles in Zinc oxide semiconductor matrix for enhanced absorption. Apart from ZnO optical absorption at 360 nm, the matrix also shows plasmonic absorption at 560 nm. © OSA 2014.

World University root node

International Conference on Fibre Optics and Photonics, 2014

Plasmon enhanced absorption in Au: ZnO hybrid systems

Here, we introduce a new class of computer which does not use any circuit or logic gate. In fact, no program needs to be written: it learns by itself and writes its own program to solve a problem. Gödel's incompleteness argument is explored here to devise an engine where an astronomically large number of "if-then" arguments are allowed to grow by self"assembly, based on the basic set of arguments written in the system, thus, we explore the beyond Turing path of computing but following a fundamentally different route adopted in the last half-a-century old non-Turing adventures. Our hardware is a multilayered seed structure. If we open the largest seed, which is the final hardware, we find several computing seed structures inside, if we take any of them and open, there are several computing seeds inside. We design and synthesize the smallest seed, the entire multilayered architecture grows by itself. The electromagnetic resonance band of each seed looks similar, but the seeds of any layer shares a common region in its resonance band with inner and upper layer, hence a chain of resonance bands is formed (frequency fractal) connecting the smallest to the largest seed (hence the name invincible rhythm or Ajeya Chhandam in Sanskrit). The computer solves intractable pattern search (Clique) problem without searching, since the right pattern written in it spontaneously replies back to the questioner. To learn, the hardware filters any kind of sensory input image into several layers of images, each containing basic geometric polygons (fractal decomposition), and builds a network among all layers, multi-sensory images are connected in all possible ways to generate -if" and "then" argument. Several such arguments and decisions (phase transition from "if" to "then") self-assemble and form the two giant columns of arguments and rules of phase transition. Any input question is converted into a pattern as noted above, and these two astronomically large columns project a solution. The driving principle of computing is synchronization and de-synchronization of network paths, the system drives towards highest density of coupled arguments for maximum matching. Memory is located at all layers of the hardware. Learning, computing occurs everywhere simultaneously. Since resonance chain connects all computing seeds, wireless processing is feasible without a screening effect. The computing power is increased by maximizing the density of resonance states and bandwidth of the resonance chain together. We discovered this remarkable computing while studying the human brain, so we present a new model of the human brain in terms of an experimentally determined resonance chain with bandwidth 10-15 Hz (complete brain with all sensors) to 10+15 Hz (DNA) along with its implementation using a pure organic synthesis of entire computer (brain jelly) in our lab, software prototype as proof of concept and finally a new fourth circuit element (Hinductor) based beyond Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) hardware is also presented. © 2014 by the authors.

Fulltext

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Design and construction of a brain-like computer: A new class of frequency-fractal computing using wireless communication in a supramolecular organic, inorganic system

Physics of Life Reviews

Evidence of massive global synchronization and the consciousness. Comment on "Consciousness in the universe: A review of the 'Orch OR' theory" by Hameroff and Penrose

We have fabricated by e-beam lithography periodic arrays of rectangular shaped trenches of different widths into Si substrates. The trenches were filled with iron oxide nanoparticles, 20 nm in diameter, by spin-coating them onto the Si substrate. The trenches have the purpose to assist the self-assembly of the iron oxide nanoparticles. Using x-ray scattering techniques, we have analyzed the structure factor of the trenches before and after filling in order to determine the filling factor. We present a theoretical analysis of the x-ray scattering function within the distorted-wave Born approximation and we present a quantitative comparison between theory and experiment. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

Journal of Applied Physics

Template assisted self-assembly of iron oxide nanoparticles: An x-ray structural analysis

The development of a simple yet novel aqueous solution based 'one-pot' method has been reported for the preparation of nanocomposites composed of soft ferrite (Mn0.2Ni0.4Zn0.4Fe2O4) and hard ferrite (BaFe12O19) phases. A physical mixing method has also been employed to prepare nanocomposites having the same compositions. The effects of synthetic methodologies on the microstructures of the nanocomposites as well as their magnetic and microwave absorption properties have been evaluated. The crystal structures and microstructures of these composites have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In the nanocomposites prepared by both methods, the presence of nanocrystalline Mn0.2Ni0.4Zn0.4Fe2O4 and BaFe12O19 phases were detected. However, nanocomposites prepared by the one-pot method possessed better homogeneous distribution of hard and soft ferrite phases than the nanocomposites prepared by the physical mixing method. Very good spring exchange coupling interaction between the hard and soft ferrite phases was observed for the nanocomposites prepared by the one-pot method and these composites exhibited magnetically single phase behaviour. The spring exchange coupling interaction enhanced the magnetic properties (high saturation magnetization and coercivity) and microwave absorption properties of the nanocomposites prepared by the one-pot method, in comparison with the nanocomposites prepared by the physical mixing method as well as pure Mn0.2Ni0.4Zn0.4Fe2O4 and BaFe12O19 nanoparticles. The minimum reflection loss of the composites was found to be ∼-25 dB (i.e. &gt;99% absorption) at 8.2 GHz with an absorber thickness of 3.5 mm. This journal is © the Partner Organisations 2014.

RSC Advances

Development of a novel one-pot synthetic method for the preparation of (Mn0.2Ni0.4Zn0.4Fe2O4)x-(BaFe12O19)1-x nanocomposites and the study of their microwave absorption and magnetic properties

This paper presents a theoretical design of chalcogenide glass based tapered microstructured optical fiber (MOF) to generate high power parabolic pulses (PPs) at the mid-IR wavelength (∼2 μm). We optimize fiber cross-section by the multipole method and studied pulse evolution by well-known symmetrized split-step Fourier Method. Our numerical investigation reveals the possibility of highly efficient PP generation within a very short length (∼19 cm) of this MOF for a Gaussian input pulse of 60 W peak power and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 3.5 ps. We examined quality of the generated PP by calculating the misfit parameter including the third order dispersion and fiber loss. Further, the effects of variations in input pulse power, pulse width and pulse energy on generated PP were also studied from the point of view of tolerances in fabrication of such a device. © 1995-2012 IEEE.

IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

A Tapered Chalcogenide Microstructured Optical Fiber for Mid-IR Parabolic Pulse Generation: Design and Performance Study

All-fiber design approach for temporal parabolic pulse (PP) generation through a very short length of tapered microstructured optical fiber (MOF) is proposed. A length of just ∼ 20 cm of designed MOF is shown to yield PP for a Gaussian input at 2 μm wavelength. © 2013 IEEE.

WRAP 2013 - Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics

Exploiting microstructured optical fiber platform for generating temporal parabolic pulse

We report a simple and scalable pyrolytic route for the synthesis of core-shell FeCo(C) alloy nanoparticles displaying very good microwave absorption properties. This process is based on the pyrolysis of nanocomposite of Fe-Co oxide under inert atmosphere. The formation of core-shell structure consisting of FeCo alloy nanoparticles as core and graphite as shell has been established through different techniques viz., X-ray Diffraction (XRD), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Raman Spectroscopy. Magnetic studies revealed that the saturation magnetization (Ms) and coercivity (Hc) of core-shell nanoparticles is ~140 emu/g and ~60 Oe, respectively. A composite of the FeCo(C) core-shell material in nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) with 50 wt% loading of the former was found to show tunable reflection loss (RL) of &gt;10 dB within frequency range of 8-12 GHz. © 2014 by American Scientific Publishers.

Science of Advanced Materials

Synthesis and investigations on microwave absorption properties of core-shell FeCo(C) alloy nanoparticles

The properties of layered inorganic semiconductors can be manipulated by the insertion of foreign molecular species via a process known as intercalation. In the present study, we investigate the phenomenon of organic moiety (R-NH3I) intercalation in layered metal-halide (PbI 2)-based inorganic semiconductors, leading to the formation of inorganic-organic (IO) perovskites [(R-NH3)2PbI 4]. During this intercalation strong resonant exciton optical transitions are created, enabling study of the dynamics of this process. Simultaneous in situ photoluminescence (PL) and transmission measurements are used to track the structural and exciton evolution. On the basis of the experimental observations, a model is proposed which explains the process of IO perovskite formation during intercalation of the organic moiety through the inorganic semiconductor layers. The interplay between precursor film thickness and organic solution concentration/solvent highlights the role of van der Waals interactions between the layers, as well as the need for maintaining stoichiometry during intercalation. Nucleation and growth occurring during intercalation matches a Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov model, with results fitting both ideal and nonideal cases. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

In situ intercalation dynamics in inorganic-organic layered perovskite thin films

An easy fabrication approach for highly c-axis oriented Inorganic-Organic (IO) mixed hybrid semiconductor thin films has been demonstrated for the first time. A simple vacuum deposition technique followed by chemical processing is utilized to fabricate controlled thin films of wide range of selective compositions from R-PbI4(1-y)Br4y (R = organic; y = 0 to 1) type IO hybrids. These thin films are alternative stack of inorganic and organic nanoscale layers, resembles multiple quantum wells. As a result, they show several novel features including tunable strong room-temperature excitons over a broad spectral range from 380 nm to 520 nm. Structural and in situ optical studies confirm that the methodology can be directly adoptable in top-down technology and also extendable for many varieties of inorganic-organic frameworks. The device quality fabrication process and optoelectronic multi-functionality has been demonstrated by template based 3D microstructures, exciton PL imaging and photodetector response. © 2013 Optical Society of America.