Department of Mathematics

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IIT Jodhpur

In this paper, an efficient algorithm for integrating infrared information into images with natural appearance is proposed. The obtained result can be used for different navigation and surveillance applications. The proposed algorithm uses the characteristics of human visual system in framelet domain. The main idea is to decompose the natural and IR images to be fused into low and high frequency bands using framelet transform. The fusion is performed by two different strategies while exploiting the characteristics of low and high frequency bands. The first strategy is adaptive weighted average based on local energy and is applied to fuse the low-frequency bands. In order to fuse high frequency bands, a new strategy is developed based on texture while exploiting the human visual system characteristics, which can preserve more details from source images and further improve the quality of scene in the fused image. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithm in visual inspection and objective evaluation criteria. © 2011 IEEE.

World University root node

2011 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications, ISIEA 2011

Navigation and surveillance using night vision and image fusion

In this paper, a new yet simple reference logo watermarking scheme based on fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) is proposed. The core idea of the proposed scheme is to segment host image into non-overlapping blocks by the means of Hilbert space filling curve and a reference image is formed by considering Human visual system (HVS). First, reference image is transformed into FrFT domain and embedding is done by modifying singular values of the reference image using singular values of watermark. After embedding, modified reference image is segmented into blocks and these modified blocks are mapped into their original places for constructing watermarked image. For extraction, a reliable watermark extraction scheme is proposed. The experimental results demonstrate better visual imperceptibility and resiliency of the proposed scheme against intentional or un-intentional variety of attacks. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Multimedia Tools and Applications

A new robust reference logo watermarking scheme

Three-dimensional (3D) visualization of spatial and non-spatial data is a well-established practice having numerous applications. The cheapest and the most efficient way to 3D visualization is 3D images/ Anaglyphs. 3D images contain 3D information of the objects present in the image. These images are easily obtained by superimposing left and right eye images in different color in a single image. In this paper, a novel security framework, viz., watermarking scheme, is presented to ensure their security. The proposed security framework is employed in fractional Fourier transform domain of secret color channel followed by the embedding using singular value decomposition. The secret channels (SEC) are obtained by applying reversible integer transform on the RGB channels. The experimental results prove the robustness and imperceptibility of the proposed watermarking scheme. © The Visualization Society of Japan 2010.

Journal of Visualization

A robust security framework for 3D images

In this paper, a novel yet simple encryption technique is proposed based on toral automorphism, Markov map and singular value decomposition (SVD). The core idea of the proposed scheme is to scramble the pixel positions by the means of toral automorphism and then encrypting the scrambled image using Markov map and SVD. The combination of Markov map and SVD changed the pixels values significantly in order to confuse the relationship among the pixels. Finally, a reliable decryption scheme is proposed to construct original image from encrypted image. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed scheme. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)

A novel image encryption framework based on Markov map and singular value decomposition

In this paper, an efficient concealed weapon detection algorithm is proposed which uses the characteristics of human visual system in frame let domain. The main idea is to decompose the visual and IR/MMW images to be fused into low and high frequency bands using frame let transform. The fusion is performed by two different strategies while exploiting the characteristics of low and high frequency bands. The first strategy is adaptive weighted average based on local energy and is applied to fuse the low-frequency bands. In order to fuse high frequency bands, a new strategy is developed based on texture while exploiting the human visual system characteristics, which can preserve more details from source images and further improve the quality of detected weapons in the fused image. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed concealed weapon detection algorithm in visual inspection and objective evaluation criteria. © 2011 IEEE.

Proceedings - 2011 Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision, CRV 2011

Human visual system based framework for concealed weapon detection

Optical devices with a slot configuration offer the distinct feature of strong electric field confinement in a low refractive index region and are, therefore, of considerable interest in many applications. In this work we investigate light propagation in a waveguide-resonator system where the resonators consist of slotted ring cavities. Owing to the presence of curved material interfaces and the vastly different length scales associated with the sub-wavelength sized slots and the waveguide-resonator coupling regions on the one hand, and the spatial extent of the ring on the other hand, this prototypical system provides significant challenges to both direct numerical solvers and semi-analytical approaches. We address these difficulties by modeling the slot resonators via a frequency-domain spatial Coupled-Mode Theory (CMT) approach, and compare its results with a Discontinuous Galerkin Time-Domain (DGTD) solver that is equipped with curvilinear finite elements. In particular, the CMT model is built on the underlying physical properties of the slotted resonators, and turns out to be quite efficient for analyzing the device characteristics. We also discuss the advantages and limitations of the CMT approach by comparing the results with the numerically exact solutions obtained by the DGTD solver. Besides providing considerable physical insight, the CMT model thus forms a convenient basis for the efficient analysis of more complex systems with slotted resonators such as entire arrays of waveguide-coupled resonators and systems with strongly nonlinear optical properties. © 2011 Optical Society of America.

Fulltext

Optics Express

Analysis of light propagation in slotted resonator based systems via coupled-mode theory

Analysis of a large dimensional contingency table is quite involved. Models corresponding to layers of a contingency table are easier to analyze than the ful model. Relationships between the interaction parameters of the full log-linear model and that of its corresponding layer models are obtained. These relationships are not only useful to reduce the analysis but also useful to interpret various hierarchical models. We obtain these relationships for layers of one variable, and extend the results for the case when layers of more than one variable are considered. We also establish, under conditional independence, relationships between the interaction parameters of the full model and that of the corresponding marginal models. We discuss the concept of merging of factor levels based on these interaction parameters. Finally, we use the relationships between layer models and full model to obtain conditions for level merging based on layer interaction parameters. Several examples are discussed to illustrate the results. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods

Relationships between full and layer models with applications to level merging

This paper presents a secure and robust watermarking scheme to enhance the security of biometric template over insecure network. Diffusion and digital watermarking techniques are used to improve the security and secrecy of the templates. Diffusion phase is done by chaotic sequence and Hessenberg decomposition. This phase essentially change the pixel values of biometric template randomly. Finally, the watermark image, which is the face image of the owner of biometric template, is embedded in the diffused biometric template with the help of singular value decomposition. The feasibility of the proposed method and its robustness against different kind of attacks are verified by computer simulations. © 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Procedia Computer Science

Biometric template security based on watermarking

Image Fusion is a technique which attempts to combine complimentary information from multiple images of the same scene so that the fused image is more suitable for computer processing tasks and human visual system. In this paper, a simple yet efficient real time image fusion algorithm is proposed considering human visual properties in spatial domain. The algorithm is computationally simple and implemented very easily in real-time applications. Experimental results highlights the expediency and suitability of the algorithm and efficiency is carried by the comparison made between proposed and existing algorithm. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010.

Real time human visual system based framework for image fusion

This paper presents a new human visual system (HVS) based adaptive digital watermarking scheme using discrete cosine transformation (DCT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) for copyright protection. For watermark embedding mask of the original image is computed using HVS model and original image is transformed into frequency domain using DCT. We embed watermark by modifying the singular values of DCT coefficient of the original image, by singular values of mask coefficient of original image and singular values of watermark logo. A reliable watermark extraction scheme is developed for the extraction of watermark from the distorted images. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed scheme is able to withstand a variety of attacks. © 2010 IEEE.