Department of Chemical Engineering

&ldquo;IIT Jodhpur is committed to impart quality education to facilitate the creation of qualified, competent and responsible human resources to meet the emerging technological challenges of the world. It is working towards creating an equitable learning platform that is positive, accessible and effective in the face of the modern societal and scientific advancements.

Flexibility in curriculum, in all its academic programs, encompassing elements of teaching, research, creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship is the most unique feature of IIT Jodhpur. The Department of Science and Technology (DST), under the National Mission on Cyber Physical Systems, has identified IIT Jodhpur as a Technology &amp; Innovation Hub in the area of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. The institute has also been nominated as the coordinator for the Jodhpur City and Knowledge Cluster by the Office of Principal Scientific Adviser, Government of India.

The sprawling 852-acre IIT Jodhpur campus is a majestic tribute to the deep-rooted diverse cultural heritage of the region. The campus is an architectural masterpiece, which is slated to become an international exemplar of sustainability with net-zero energy, and advanced water and waste management strategies.&rdquo;

IIT Jodhpur

A large population of developing countries still does not have access to good quality drinking water. It is mainly due to rapid increase in population, growth in urbanisation, overexploitation of good quality water sources, and inadequate maintenance of installation and supply system. At times, the water purified in big installations for domestic purposes, generally the municipal supply water, may get contaminated again with pathogens or other contaminants due to various reasons. The best way to ensure the safety of drinking water is to install an appropriate water purification device at the point of use, i.e., in the house itself, which can take care of biological and other contaminants like suspended solids, organics, residual chlorine, colour and udder in the municipal supply water.

Chemical Engineering World

Aqua pura through new ultrafiltration device

Thermal desalination technologies are very energy intensive. The utilisation of nuclear energy for seawater desalination provides a safe, feasible and economic solution for the production of very good quality water. The Multi-Stage Flash (MSF) desalination plant of the Nuclear Desalination Demonstration Project (NDDP) of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Government of India, is coupled with a nuclear power plant on the south east coast of India to share the common facilities and steam. The MSF desalination plant is under construction. This paper describes a case study of the coupling aspects of the MSF desalination plant with the existing nuclear power plant and gives an estimate of the loss of electrical power generation due to extraction of steam. Loss of electrical power is also compared with the Desalination Economic Evaluation Program (DEEP) of the IAEA.

World University root node

International Journal of Nuclear Desalination

Coupling aspects of an MSF desalination plant and loss of electrical power generation of a nuclear power plant: Case study

This study pertains to dynamic simulation for the analysis of start-up characteristics of multi-stage flash (MSF) desalination plants using a mathematical modeling. A simulation program was developed to predict dynamic behaviour of MSF plants which can be used either to design or to simulate actual plant operation. Stage-by-stage calculations have been carried out to predict the dynamic behaviour of the plant. Variations of all the thermodynamic properties with temperature and salinity are considered. Start-up characteristics, i.e., time variation of flashing brine flow rate, heating steam flow rate, stage brine level, stage temperature, stage pressure, stage-wise flashing rates, etc., are calculated using the coupled Runge-Kutta method. The predictions are compared with the start-up data obtained from the 425m3/d MSF plant at the Desalination Division, BARC, Mumbai (India). The simulated data are very close in agreement with the actual data.

Desalination

Simulation of start-up characteristics of multi-stage flash desalination plants

Nuclear reactors produce significant amounts of low-quality waste heat which can be utilized for producing high-quality water from seawater by coupling a low-temperature evaporation (LTE) desalination unit. Salient features of the desalination plant, the nuclear research reactor and the waste heat utilization from the reactor are discussed. The scheme of integrating desalination plants with the nuclear research reactors is also presented. This LTE desalination plant utilizing waste heat from a nuclear research reactor will be the first of its kind while demonstrating the safety and economics of nuclear desalination technology as a viable alternative to producing demineralised water from seawater.

LTE desalination utilizing waste heat from a nuclear research reactor

One-day seminar on "Desalination and water reuse" (September 24, 1994)

Energy cost plays an important role in the technoeconomics of seawater desalination. This study pertains to nuclear desalination where a desalination plant is coupled to a pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR). A technoeconomic evaluation of first- and second-generation desalination processes coupled to a PHWR is presented. © 1994.

Pressurized heavy water reactor destination in the Indian context

A case study was carried out for the production of 150 m3/hr boiler feed water from sea water at a coastal thermal power station in southeastern India. Three alternatives, viz. multistage-flash (MSF), thermocompression (TC), and reverse osmosis (RO) were considered. The first two are thermal desalination processes and the last one is an ambient temperature membrane process. In the case of the thermal desalination processes, extraction steam at appropriate temperature and pressure drawn from the power plant was considered. Since the water from thermal desalination plants will be very pure, only mixed bed downstream polishing units will be required to reach boiler feed water quality, but for the RO process, a full fledged demineraliser (DM) plant will be necessary. It was found that a system with a locally manufactured MSF unit will be the most economical for the purpose. Emphasis is placed on local capability to manufacture and install desalination plants. © 1990.

Evaluation of thermal desalination and reverse osmosis for the production of boiler feed water from sea water for coastal thermal power stations in India

A Desalination Experimental Facility (DEF) comprising multistage flash (MSF) unit of capacity 15 cubic meter/day with three stages had earlier been commissioned and operated for about two years to study the basic parameters of the MSF process. On the basis of operational experience and the data collected from experiments and the information available in literature a 33 stage 425 cubic meter/day MSF plant was designed, fabricated, installed and the same is under commissioning. This prototype plant was first such unit in India. This paper gives the considerations for the design of 425 cubic meter/day prototype MSF plant and the factors to be considered for scale-up to commercial size plants. The problems experienced during the module fabrication, erection and initial startup of the plant are highlighted. © 1989.

Studies on MSF desalination - process design, construction and startup of a prototype MSF plant in India

This investigation pertains to nucleate boiling in a thin film on a horizontal tube at atmospheric and subatmospheric pressures. The experiments are carried out with distilled water and sodium chloride solutions (35 000 and 50 000 p.p.m.) in the pressure range 60-100 kN m-2. An enhancement in the nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient is noted for boiling in the horizontal tube falling film. A correlation is proposed to predict the boiling heat transfer coefficient for distilled water and sodium chloride solution in a thin film on a horizontal stainless steel tube at atmospheric and subatmospheric pressures. © 1989.

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Nucleate boiling in a thin film on a horizontal tube at atmospheric and subatmospheric pressures

A case study has been carried out for putting up a 225,000 cubic meter/day desalination plant in the city of Madras on south east coast of India and relative techno-economics of single purpose and dual purpose Multistage Flash (MSF) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) has been presented. © 1987.