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Recreating the size-dependent reabsorption function of proximal convoluted tubule towards artificial kidney applications: Structural analysis and computational study
J. Sateesh, K. Guha, A. Dutta, P. Sengupta, , K. Srinivasa Rao
Published in Blackwell Publishing Inc.
2020
PMID: 32219877
Volume: 44
   
Issue: 8
Pages: E369 - E381
Abstract
Human kidneys tend to be affected adversely and fail to function more often than any other organ in the body because of diet, heredity, and lifestyle of a person. Dialysis is the technique presently in use for replacing the failed kidney function but it is packed with painfulness, bulkiness, and is costly also. There is a growing need for development of an artificial kidney that eradicates the problems associated with dialysis. This article proposes a structure that mimics the most important aspect of the human kidney: the size-dependent reabsorption of endothelial cells in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). The proposed structure consists of transporting channels connecting blood tubules surrounded on both sides of a main tubule. Geometries of the channels are analyzed for optimum flow by varying angles with respect to the main tubule. The analytical formulae have been developed by considering proper boundary conditions governing the flow in the structure, which makes the model as robust, concise, and realistic as the actual PCT. The mathematical model is validated against the benchmark FEM tool COMSOL Multiphysics and the results seem to be satisfactory. This article concludes, that slant channels possess a considerably higher average flow velocity of 5.39 × 10–5 m/s (≈52% reabsorption rate) than straight channels with 4.77 × 10–5 m/s (≈46% reabsorption rate) which is closer to the actual PCT reabsorption rate of 60%. The proposed model is first of its kind in nature among the reported works which creates and exhibits simulation environment of PCT reabsorption function supported by mathematical formulation and also can be useful to study and develop artificial kidney in near future. © 2020 International Center for Artificial Organs and Transplantation and Wiley Periodicals LLC
About the journal
JournalArtificial Organs
PublisherBlackwell Publishing Inc.
ISSN0160564X