The microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir processed 2507 super duplex stainless steel were examined. Experimental results revealed that there is an optimum traverse speed for a given rotational speed that gives minimum grain size. The individual and synergistic effects of FSP parameters such as heat input, strain rate and strain on the grain size of the material were evaluated. The results indicate that counteracting effect of heat input and the combined effect of strain rate and strain results in achieving minimum grain size at an intermediate traverse to rotation speed ratio. The twin boundaries (particularly Σ3 CSL boundaries) in the stir zone of friction stir processed material reduced considerably compared to that in the base material. Both the base material and the friction stir processed material with the smallest grain size achieved were subjected to tensile testing at ambient and elevated temperatures under different strain rates. The results obtained are presented and discussed here. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.