Water has always been one of the most essential entities for survival of living systems almost since the evolution of life form. It is pertinent to study water systems in respect of enhancing the quality of water as it can be a significant source affecting the living systems in a direct or indirect manner. Nowadays, increased level of water consumption and correspondingly high levels of pollution have generated a prominent need for managing the water quality by maintaining safe levels for the water to be used in specific applications. In this respect, water remediation methods have taken a forward thrust in order to increase the water quality of potable water as well as that of industrial grade water in order to prevent contamination of natural water resources due to the discharge of industrial effluents. Several methods of water remediation such as physical, chemical, electrochemical and biological are discussed and worked out worldwide. This monograph gives a review of the importance of water remediation, various methods that are employed to remediate and some automated techniques which have been breakthroughs in the field of water quality control. © 2018, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.