We report efficient detection of alpha radiation on highly textured and vertically aligned along (002) Gallium-doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO:Ga) nanorods on a glass substrate with an average diameter ~150 ± 10 nm. Photoluminescence measurement showed near band emission 393 nm, in agreement with the bandgap value ~3.22 eV, measured by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The developed ZnO:Ga nanorod scintillator is coupled with a commercially available photomultiplier tube and 1K Multichannel Analyser to fabricate an alpha radiation detector. The performance of the alpha radiation detector is evaluated using various activities alpha radiation sources. A large pulse height spectrum is recorded by the detector for different alpha sources against the background spectrum. The calculated detection efficiency and Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) showed that the detector is highly sensitive to alpha radiation. The repeatability and reproducibility of the performance are studied by evaluating the response of a single scintillator for numerous exposures and by studying inter-batch response variations, respectively. The response is repeatable within ±1% whereas reproducibility varies from ±20% for extremely low activity alpha sources to ±5% for high activity alpha sources. The performance of ZnO:Ga nanorod scintillator grown on glass substrate demonstrates that it can be a promising material system for the detection of alpha radiation. © 2019, The Author(s).